I. Climate characteristics and phenology
At present, it is summer season, high temperature and rain. It is conducive to the growth of fruit trees, fruit development, and the occurrence of diseases and pests. This stage of Shatian pomelo is in the summer shoot germination, growth, young fruit development and the second physiological fruit drop period.
Second, management measures
1, do a good job of fruit and fruit thinning work
At the beginning of summer, Shatian Pomelo enters the second physiological fruit drop period (upper and middle May). At this time, 10 ppm of 2.4-D and 25% of 920 fruits can be sprayed on the leaves. After this physiological fruit drop, the pomelo fruit tends to be relatively stable in fruit setting. At this time, the pomelo fruit remaining in the tree is generally of different sizes, unbalanced fruit quantity and uneven distribution, and must be adjusted by artificial means. And fruiting evenness. There are two ways: (1) thinning fruit. Sparsely stunted weak fruits, malformed fruits, pests and fruits, etc. are sparsely removed. After fruit thinning, one fruit ear is left as a fruit, leaving a maximum of two. The amount of fruit left by the plant depends on the size and growth of the tree. The fruit placement should be based on the age of trees. Generally speaking, the trees below 10 years of age should be evenly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the canopy and in the canopy, and the fruit trees above 10 years old can be evenly distributed on the periphery of the canopy. If the fruit diameter exceeds 6cm, the fruit should end.
2, rational control and use of summer shoots
Summer is good for summer shoots. The summer shoots are very beneficial to the young and young trees and the renewal of old tree branches and old tree branches. They should be taken seriously. However, the summer shoots should be strictly controlled for the fruit trees in the season of high yield so as not to cause serious fruit drop due to the stubborn fruit. The control of summer shoots can be carried out through fertilizer and water management, manual erasing and picking.
3, Shi strong fruit fertilizer
Shatian pomelo is a kind of evergreen fruit tree with a large amount of fertilizer and water. It must be under sufficient conditions of water and fertilizer to grow well. Pomelo fruit can be hung much longer and grow bigger in order to obtain high yield and stable yield. At present, it is the rapid expansion of the pomelo fruit, which requires a lot of nutrients, and it is necessary to seriously implement the strong fruit fertilizer in June. Fertilizers should be decomposed organic liquid fertilizer (brack water or human and animal manure), combined with the use of phosphorus, potash fertilizer. In addition, yellow and red loam orchards should be applied to lime to increase the content of calcium in the soil and neutralize the acidity of the soil. The amount of lime used is about 15 kg/mu.
4, outside the root dressing
Spraying the fruit-protecting hormones and trace element fertilizers on the leaves is conducive to the preservation, preservation, and strengthening of the fruits of the Shatian grapefruit, improving and improving the fruit quality and enhancing the tree vigor. During the fruit enlargement period, spraying 1-3% compound fertilizer solution and boron, magnesium, zinc, manganese, molybdenum and other trace elements outside the root will help the normal development of the pomelo fruit.
5, apply good promotion of autumn shoot fertilizer
The spring and autumn shoots of Shatian pomelo are the result of the jubilee and should be carefully cultivated. In the autumn shoots of the high-yielding type fruit trees, due to the large amount of fruit, they generally fall ahead of the large department (in late July) before the beginning of autumn (early August). Youth trees can be thrown after the beginning of autumn. Promoting autumn shoot fertilizer requires quick effect and sufficient quantity. The decomposed organic liquid fertilizer (brack water) plus nitrogen fertilizer (urea) was applied within 10-15 days before releasing.
6, do a good job of pest control
Summer is hot and humid, and there are many pests and diseases. The main pests and diseases at this time include: canker disease, anthrax, epidemic diseases, and mites (red, yellow, rust spiders), leaf miners, scale insects, and long-lived cattle. Ulcers, anthrax, scab, can be treated with copper sulphate: quicklime: water = 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 20% phytocyanin 800 times or 25% enemy dry double 1000 times after typhoon rain. Blight: The fruit surface and garden can be sprayed with 20% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times or 50% sulfur-free copper 500-600 times. Anthraquinones: Can be sprayed with 1500-fold or 25% monomethyl-sulphonate 1000-2000 times of nisolon. Leaf leaf moths: After the new shoots are taken out, they are sprayed with 500-fold or 98% bastard, or 2000 times faster. Scale insects: 40% omethoate can be used 1000 times or 40% speed culling 800 times spray. Tianniu: On the one hand, it kills adult worms. On the other hand, it frequently inspects the parts of spawning of the tree-headed calf and the common causes of the newly-incubated larvae, using the knife to scrape eggs and newly hatched larvae.
7, pay attention to soil moisture protection
The growth of new shoots and the development of pomelo fruit in addition to the need for adequate fertilizer supply must also have sufficient water supply. In high-temperature summer season, the soil in the garden is often kept moist, so that irrigation is done in the dry season and water is discharged in rainy days.
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