Release date: 2015-07-28
The first human malaria vaccine was well received by the European Medicines Agency (similar to the US Food and Drug Administration FDA). However, this praise does not mean that the malaria vaccine has passed the assessment and can be marketed. But with this praise, the World Health Organization (WHO) may consider this vaccine for malaria control in some countries in Africa. This anti-malarial vaccine was developed by GlaxoSmithKline and, although not yet on the market, shows very good prospects.
Malaria is an insect-borne disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum bites or the blood of people infected with Plasmodium. The main infected areas of malaria are tropical or subtropical, and they are most widely distributed around the equator, such as the Pan-Sahara region, where the proliferation of Anopheles mosquitoes can have a major impact. This disease is often manifested by the alternating hot and cold of the patient's body, commonly known as the pendulum. If there is no medical treatment, it has a high mortality rate. The existing drugs are mainly artemisinin and artesunate found by Chinese scientists. However, even so, WHO estimates that there were approximately 2.19 cases of malaria infection in 2010, of which 660,000 died. Therefore, the development of vaccines for malaria is of great significance.
The European Medicines Agency believes that the malaria vaccine Mosquirix developed by GlaxoSmithKline is safe for infants from 6 weeks to 17 months, but the other malaria vaccine PfSPZ, although effective, is far from being able to pass the assessment. Mosquirix is ​​primarily directed against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly of the four malaria parasites. Its mode of action is to prevent the invasion of the Plasmodium falciparum by increasing the resistance of the immune system. Because malaria parasites mostly multiply and expand from the liver, and cause systemic symptoms. Mosquirix has a good effect on the invasion of Plasmodium falciparum into the liver, but this effect is also limited. Tests for infants from 6 weeks to 17 months show that four doses of vaccine can reduce malaria infection by 39% in four years and 27% in three years.
WHO is preparing to complete the assessment of Mosquirix by November of this year. In 2012, malaria caused 627,000 deaths, 91% of which were from Africa. Although the effect of this vaccine is not so good, if the vaccine can be evaluated and put into the African market, it will reduce the infection rate of malaria to a certain extent, and will save hundreds of thousands of lives. Every small step in science progress means that we can save the lives of a large group of people.
Source: Bio Valley
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