There are more than 60 kinds of sea cucumbers in China's coastal areas, and more than 20 species are edible. Among them, sea cucumber, black cucumber, black sea cucumber and plum flower are delicious and have high nutritional value. They are valuable seafood products. The artificial breeding techniques of sea cucumber are introduced as follows:
First, the living habits of sea cucumber: Sea cucumber is a salty animal, living in the open tide, clear water, no large amount of freshwater into the bottom of the reef or sand bottom. The living area is rich in benthic diatoms and macroalgae. Young individuals mostly live under the base of large leafy algae and under reefs and gravels. Adult individuals gradually move to deep water areas, that is, they are located on the seabed with water depth of 8 to 20 meters.
Stichopus japonicus uses tentacle sweeps, benthic diatoms, algae debris, bacteria, microscopic animals, organic debris, etc. in the surface layer of the bottom sediment. These substances are taken along with the sediment. Its food intake is quite large. The intensity of food intake was seasonal, with the highest intake in March and the lowest in mid-August. When the water temperature reaches 20 °C ~ 24 °C, the "summer sleep." In China's Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the "summer sleep" period is about 100 days. When it is stimulated by harsh conditions or turbid conditions such as water quality, all organs will be excreted from the anus. In accordance with this, the regeneration ability is very strong. When the conditions are appropriate, the lost organs and the cut off body segments can be regenerated to become a complete individual.
Second, the artificial cultivation of sea cucumber: To do a good job in the artificial cultivation of sea cucumber is to solve the large-size seed. Therefore, juveniles 1–1.5 cm in length that were bred in that year must be “bred in the middle†at sea or indoors to make them 3 cm. For the “middle breeding†without predication, the site must be selected so that the organic matter and floating mud can easily enter and sink in the inner bottom of the inner mud in the breeding cage. The bay should have more organic suspended matter and less wind and waves. condition. The bred facility is a modified cage intermediate breeding cage with a metal frame specification of 60,6030 cm and a cage with an outer jacket covering. The mesh should be selected according to the size of the caged seedlings, and a black corrugated plate is laid inside the cage. Tests have shown that the number of seedlings per cage should not exceed 400 heads. After 3 to 3.5 months of incubation, the body will be more than 3 cm long and the survival rate is 82% to 100%. The survival rate depends mainly on the equipment used, the mechanical damage and the escape from the mesh seam.
It grows rapidly from October to the end of November, and then grows slower as the water temperature drops. From the beginning of February, the growth rate increases again as the water temperature rises. The bigger the seedling grows faster. In the breeding process, seedlings are bred and bred after grading and sorting, and they grow neatly and quickly. It is better to feed goose palm dishes and other brown algae. After more than 4 months of breeding, about 25% of the body length is above 10 cm.
Third, the use of shrimp pond mixed sea cucumber stichopus key technologies:
1. Put non-standard stone piles or hollow bricks or cages in shrimp ponds.
2. Disinfect the whole bleach powder, then add fresh water and cultivate the water.
3. Stichopus japonicus uses vegetality as a bait. As long as water quality is cultivated, there is no need to feed it again.
4. The water temperature to which sea cucumber is adapted is minus 3 degrees to 28 degrees above zero, and the salinity is high.
5. During the summer hot season, shrimp ponds should raise the water level by absorbing tides to facilitate the crossing of water.
6. The time for seedlings is generally 9 to 11 months per year. The stocking density per mu is 4,000, and the seedlings should be good.
7. The ginseng and shrimp polyculture can purify the water, so as to achieve the double harvest of the ginseng and shrimp.
First, the living habits of sea cucumber: Sea cucumber is a salty animal, living in the open tide, clear water, no large amount of freshwater into the bottom of the reef or sand bottom. The living area is rich in benthic diatoms and macroalgae. Young individuals mostly live under the base of large leafy algae and under reefs and gravels. Adult individuals gradually move to deep water areas, that is, they are located on the seabed with water depth of 8 to 20 meters.
Stichopus japonicus uses tentacle sweeps, benthic diatoms, algae debris, bacteria, microscopic animals, organic debris, etc. in the surface layer of the bottom sediment. These substances are taken along with the sediment. Its food intake is quite large. The intensity of food intake was seasonal, with the highest intake in March and the lowest in mid-August. When the water temperature reaches 20 °C ~ 24 °C, the "summer sleep." In China's Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the "summer sleep" period is about 100 days. When it is stimulated by harsh conditions or turbid conditions such as water quality, all organs will be excreted from the anus. In accordance with this, the regeneration ability is very strong. When the conditions are appropriate, the lost organs and the cut off body segments can be regenerated to become a complete individual.
Second, the artificial cultivation of sea cucumber: To do a good job in the artificial cultivation of sea cucumber is to solve the large-size seed. Therefore, juveniles 1–1.5 cm in length that were bred in that year must be “bred in the middle†at sea or indoors to make them 3 cm. For the “middle breeding†without predication, the site must be selected so that the organic matter and floating mud can easily enter and sink in the inner bottom of the inner mud in the breeding cage. The bay should have more organic suspended matter and less wind and waves. condition. The bred facility is a modified cage intermediate breeding cage with a metal frame specification of 60,6030 cm and a cage with an outer jacket covering. The mesh should be selected according to the size of the caged seedlings, and a black corrugated plate is laid inside the cage. Tests have shown that the number of seedlings per cage should not exceed 400 heads. After 3 to 3.5 months of incubation, the body will be more than 3 cm long and the survival rate is 82% to 100%. The survival rate depends mainly on the equipment used, the mechanical damage and the escape from the mesh seam.
It grows rapidly from October to the end of November, and then grows slower as the water temperature drops. From the beginning of February, the growth rate increases again as the water temperature rises. The bigger the seedling grows faster. In the breeding process, seedlings are bred and bred after grading and sorting, and they grow neatly and quickly. It is better to feed goose palm dishes and other brown algae. After more than 4 months of breeding, about 25% of the body length is above 10 cm.
Third, the use of shrimp pond mixed sea cucumber stichopus key technologies:
1. Put non-standard stone piles or hollow bricks or cages in shrimp ponds.
2. Disinfect the whole bleach powder, then add fresh water and cultivate the water.
3. Stichopus japonicus uses vegetality as a bait. As long as water quality is cultivated, there is no need to feed it again.
4. The water temperature to which sea cucumber is adapted is minus 3 degrees to 28 degrees above zero, and the salinity is high.
5. During the summer hot season, shrimp ponds should raise the water level by absorbing tides to facilitate the crossing of water.
6. The time for seedlings is generally 9 to 11 months per year. The stocking density per mu is 4,000, and the seedlings should be good.
7. The ginseng and shrimp polyculture can purify the water, so as to achieve the double harvest of the ginseng and shrimp.
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