Mung bean is one of the important small grain crops in China. It has the effect of cooling and relieving heat, integrating nutritive value and medicinal value. With the improvement of people's living standards, people need to adjust and improve their lives. The more, the less investment in planting mung beans, the quicker results, the higher benefits, and the broader development prospects. The high-yield cultivation techniques are as follows.
(1) Rotation
Mung beans are important fertilizer crops, and they are excellent for cereal crops. Mung bean avoids continuous cropping, "the bean field is adjusted year by year, and the output is high every year." The mung bean rotation model includes: (a) one year, such as mung bean, millet, sorghum, and corn; (b) two crops a year, such as wheat and mung beans; (c) two years, three crops, such as wheat, mung beans, and wheat. Mung beans (millet); (d) three years of five crops, such as wheat, mung beans, spring sugar cane, spring corn, wheat, mung beans (soybean).
(2) Planting methods
(3) New cultivation techniques
1. Selecting green peas for drought resistance and resistance to stagnation, the soil requirements are not strict, early and thin land, can be planted, with moderate fertility plots as good, can not be met with legume crops.
2, land fertilization 15-20 tons of fertilizer per hectare, 100-150 kg of diammonium phosphate or compound fertilizer, 7-8 kg of biological potash. For example, 30 bags of American neb mycorrhizal can increase the root system several times per hectare, which can effectively prevent root diseases such as rotten roots, especially the application of neb to the heavy glutinous land, and the yield increase effect is remarkable. After fertilization, the soil is ridged and the ridge distance is 50-60 cm.
3, timely sowing in the northeast region in mid-May, summer sowing in mid-June, sowing in other regions according to local conditions. Seeding with Rhizobium seedlings is excellent, mostly for ridges and stalks, with a hawing capacity of 15-20 kg, covering soil 3-4 cm, and suppressing the sputum.
4, field management 2 pieces of true leaf seedlings, 3 pieces of true leaves fixed seedlings, seedlings 13-15 cm, 1-2 seedlings per hole, about 8,000 acres of seedlings. Before the emergence of the shovel, shovel a plough, usually three shovel and three shovel. In the seedling stage, after sitting on the pods, spray 300 times liquid of Taiyefeibao, which can replace topdressing and increase yield by more than 20%.
5, the main diseases of disease prevention and pest control mung beans are: root rot, viral disease, yellow leaf disease. For the early stage of root rot, 40 grams of fulvic acid salt is used for 40 kilograms of water, or 600-800 times of sterilized water is sprayed. It is necessary to spray 600-800 times of liquid in time to not only kill insects such as mites, red spiders, cardamom, pea pods, and heartworms, but also effectively control viral diseases and yellow leaf diseases, and promote plant growth. Three effects of medicine.
6, when harvesting timely pods more than two-thirds of the black when harvesting is appropriate, harvesting is best with a knife cut, do not even root, because rooting, removal of nodules, is not conducive to fertility.
(3) Fine land preparation
The mung bean cotyledons are large, and the top soil is weak. The whole land requires deep cultivation and fineness, and there is no stagnation, no depth, and the ground is flat. The soil is well permeable, which is beneficial to the development of rhizobium and soil microbial activities. The whole land requires deep ploughing in early autumn, thickening the layer of living soil, and smashing the ground in early spring.
Planting time Mung bean is a relatively strong plant. It can still grow very well for drought, so it is generally used for summer sowing, but it is not the season for all things in spring, so mung beans can be sowed in spring. Therefore, the sowing time of green is generally April and May and June and July of each year. Mung beans like to grow in high temperature and high humidity environment, so be careful not to be too early when planting in spring, otherwise the survival rate and quality of mung bean are not high, so it can be broadcast early in summer, it is best to make it hot and rainy in summer. When it grows, its yield will increase significantly.
Planting method
1. Soil preparation and fertilization
If you want to grow mung beans, you should plant the land in advance, and don't wait until you want to plant it. Then you will plant the land in the spring of the next year after the autumn harvest this year. When turning over the soil, try to deepen it a bit. This will eliminate some pests hidden in the soil and reduce the threat of pests. After the soil is turned over, it is necessary to make the base fertilizer, usually using farmyard manure, and then spreading the fertilizer evenly to make the ridge. Then you can wait for the next year to plant.
2, sowing method
Before planting, first stir the seeds and some resistant agents evenly to prevent some diseases, and also prevent pests and other voles. The sowing of mung beans can be broadcast live or transplanted. The live broadcast is to dig a small hole every 30 to 50 centimeters in the turned field, sprinkle three or four seeds every small hole, then sprinkle a little compound fertilizer next to it, and finally cover it with soil. When transplanting, seedlings should be planted first. When the seedlings grow four or five leaves, they can be transplanted. The transplanting is also carried out at that interval.
3, field management
After planting, it is necessary to carry out planting. It is found that the seedlings in the field should be timely replenished. After the planting, watering should be carried out once. If there is no rain, it should be watered all the time, knowing that the transplanted seedlings emit new roots. Or if you grow a new green leaf, you can rest assured.
Weeding is carried out after the seedlings have survived. In general, three times of grass is removed, once after the survival, the second time is once when it grows to ten to fifteen centimeters, and finally it is removed once it blooms. Just fine, the growth of mung beans generally does not require fertilization, because too much fertility will grow the seedlings and then miss the best flowering period, resulting in reduced production.
4, pest control
The most common diseases of mung bean are antiviral disease, root rot and rust, so it is necessary to prevent it in time. At the same time, the mung bean seedling stage is prone to root rot. It is necessary to observe carefully, and timely control of pea pods when flowering and podping And pests such as thrips.
5, timely harvest
The harvesting of mung beans should be timely, usually in batches. Some mature pods can be removed first, then the pods that have not yet matured continue to grow, and harvested after maturity. If it is planted in large areas, it is generally waited until three-quarters of the pods on the mung bean seedlings turn yellowish black to be harvested. Don't harvest too late, or the pods will crack, and the green beans will break out.
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