In recent years, based on the strategic requirements of “quality substitution quantityâ€, the development of new fertilizers has received extensive attention, and the controlled release fertilizer is the representative.
Slow-release fertilizer is an ecological fertilizer that can improve fertilizer utilization. It gradually releases nutrients slowly through various regulation mechanisms, prolonging the effective period of crops for their effective nutrient absorption and utilization. Slow-release fertilizers are mainly divided into four categories: resin coated controlled release fertilizer, urea formaldehyde slow release fertilizer, sulfur coated urea, and stable fertilizer.
Resin coated controlled release fertilizer. The fertilizer mainly uses a polymer resin to form a dense film outside the fertilizer to control the release of the fertilizer. The application of corn and other crops can achieve a one-time application of the base fertilizer, greatly reducing the number of top dressings. However, the fragility, unevenness, refractory and high price of the outer envelope are limitations of current applications.
Urea formaldehyde slow release fertilizer. The fertilizer is formed by the condensation of urea and formaldehyde, and can be made into urea-formaldehyde fertilizers with different release periods according to different ratios. The sustained release nitrogen provided is slowly decomposed by water within 12 to 16 weeks and is safe and reliable. The fertilizer is widely used in foreign planting gardens because of its controllability, high efficiency, environmental protection and economy. However, the residual formaldehyde and nitrogen in the early stage after application are insufficient, which may affect crop growth, which is the bottleneck of its development.
Stable fertilizer. By adding a urease inhibitor or a nitrification inhibitor, the fertilizer can slow down the hydrolysis of urea and the nitrification-denitrification of ammonium nitrogen, thereby achieving slow release of fertilizer nitrogen and reducing losses. It has the advantages of low cost and high utilization rate of fertilizer.
Sulfur coated urea. The fertilizer combines the effects of slow release nitrogen fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer, and is prepared by encapsulating sulfur and polymerizing microcrystalline wax sealant on the outside of urea. Its production, efficiency, ecological and environmental protection effects are remarkable, and it can save fertilizer, save labor, protect the ecological environment, improve the quality of crops, and solve the problem of sulfur deficiency in cultivated land and crops.
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