Bean horn is a kind of temperature-tolerant and cold-tolerant variety. It has been planted for a long time in China, and it is widely distributed in China. Because of its good taste and high nutritional value, it is deeply loved by consumers. Therefore, many people want to increase the economic benefits by planting beans.
Bean planting and cultivation technology
- Variety selection: The wide variety of beans cultivated is 豇28-2, which can be used for spring mulching cultivation.
- Sowing period: The suitable lower limit temperature for bean seeding is 14 °C, and should be sown at 4 °C before and after the frost.
- Reasonable close planting: Early spring cowpeas promote seedling transplanting due to low temperature and heavy rain. After the seedlings are unearthed, the first pair of true leaves should be planted when they have not yet been unfolded. The principle of planting small and planting drought should be mastered. Two plants per hole were planted. Most of the summer and autumn cowpeas are used for live broadcast. The seeding rate per hole is as small as 3 to 4, and as many as 4 to 5, and two plants are left between each hole after emergence. The seeding density is 0.8 to 1 meter and the plant spacing is 0.26 to 0.33 meters.
Beans growing environment
- temperature. Beans are resistant to high temperatures and are not resistant to frost. The germination temperature is 25 ~ 35 ° C, the growth and development temperature is 20 ~ 25 ° C, higher than 35 ° C or lower than 15 ° C, growth pods are affected. When it is close to 0 °C, the plants will suffer from freezing damage.
- illumination. Beans are not sensitive to the long-term response of the sun, and only a few varieties have strict requirements on the length of sunshine, suitable for growing in the short sunshine season. In general, short days can accelerate growth and early maturity. Beans like sunshine, during flowering and pod formation, if the light is insufficient, it will cause the flowers to fall.
- Moisture. Beans are vegetables that consume moderate amounts of water and have strong drought resistance. Too much soil moisture can easily lead to a decrease in germination rate, and dead roots and falling flowers are also not conducive to rhizobial activity. Insufficient soil moisture will inhibit growth and development and affect yield.
- soil. It is best to plant beans with good drainage and loose and fertile soil. The most suitable soil pH is 6.2 to 7. Beans require nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Because the rhizobia of beans is far less than other legumes, nitrogen fertilizer should be added appropriately. At the same time, the application of appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer can promote rhizobial activity and increase production.
Bean horn fertilizer technology
1. The roots of properly watered legumes are very sensitive to water. They prefer to grow in moist soils, but they are especially flooded. Especially during flowering, water accumulation in the field will reduce pollen, affect pollination, and pod formation. The phenomenon of reduction, the long time of soil water accumulation is likely to cause falling flowers and falling pods. Water should be poured when watering, not flooding.
The seedling period strictly controls the amount of watering, and after pouring the bottom water and the slow seedling water, there is no watering or less watering. At this time, the soil moisture content will affect the flowering and pod formation. After the first inflorescence, the watering amount is increased to promote the growth of the pod. After entering the pod period, reduce watering to prevent falling flowers.
2. Root-feeding fertilizer is used to improve root activity. In the low-temperature season, alginic acid, chitin and humic acid fertilizers should be applied to promote the growth of capillary roots. To minimize the application of compound fertilizer, you can use a fully water-soluble fertilizer instead of compound fertilizer.
The pest control method of beans is mainly caused by coal mold, rust, aphids, cowpea pods and other pests. Coal mold can be controlled with 50% thiophanate-methyl or 50% carbendazim at the beginning of the disease.
Rust can be sprayed with 50% powder rust WP 1500 times, spray once every 7 days, spray 2 to 3 times. The aphids can be controlled with 10% chrysanthemum 1500 times solution or 10% imidacloprid 2000 times solution. Cowpea pods can be used with 50% phoxim 1000 times solution, or 21% killing 毙 4000 times solution, once every 7 to 10 days, the liquid is evenly sprayed on the leaves and flower buds.
The first step in the cultivation of beans is to choose the variety that you need, and then plant the money in the fertilizer, and then plant it at the right time. In the later period, we must strengthen the management of the field, especially the work of fertilizer and water. Only by doing a good job in this series, the longevity of the beans will be good and the output will increase.
This article URL: How long is the bean planting time? Open-season bean planting technology and pest control [Figure]
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