First, we must scientifically select various nutrients that are needed during the growth period of young ducks in feeds. Feeds must be diversified to maintain energy and protein balance. The protein in the diet should not be too high and the calcium content should be appropriate. In the production, depending on the growth and development of ducks, the necessary nutrients should be increased or decreased as appropriate. Such as Shaoxing duck, the normal opening date of production is 130-150 days, the opening weight of 1400-1500 grams, if the weight exceeds 1500 grams, should limit feeding, feed more appropriate green feed and roughage; poor development, light weight Ducks, appropriately improve the quality of feed, each feed about 150 grams per day, plus a small amount of animal fresh feed. All the young ducks use mixed feeds. Add appropriate amount of fresh water before feeding and mix them with wet materials to feed. Feed 3-4 times a day at equal intervals.
Second, the management points
1. Appropriately strengthen exercise, promote bone and muscle development, prevent excessive fat. Drive regularly every day to make it move in a circle, every 5-10 minutes, 2-4 times a day.
2. More contact with ducks to increase the guts of ducks and prevent frightening groups.
3. Shelter lights all night, low light lighting. The standard daylight hours for young ducks are 8-10 hours per day and should not be increased before the start of production. In order to facilitate the ducks to drink at night, to prevent the rats from harassing and disturbing the group, the house should be illuminated with low-light lighting. A 30-watt light bulb can be installed on a 30-square-meter duck house. If a blackout occurs, the kerosene lamp should be turned on immediately.
4. To strengthen the prevention of infectious diseases.
5. To establish a stable system of work and rest. According to the living habits of ducks, a routine system and operating procedures should be established to maintain stability after the formation.
Third, grasp the feeding and management of the egg production period
1. Early and early egg-laying management Early egg-laying (150-200 days old) and early-stage (201-300 days old), focusing on increasing nutrient concentration and feeding times in the diet to meet nutritional needs and ensuring that the duck population The egg production peak reached smoothly. When the egg production rate reaches 50%, 10 grams of fish meal is added to each duck every day; 15 grams of fish meal is added when the egg production rate is 70%; 18-20 grams of fish meal is added when the egg production rate is more than 90%, and this level is maintained thereafter. . The number of feedings increased from 3 times a day to 4 times, 3 times during the day and 10 times a night. The average light 14 hours, and should gradually increase from short to long. The larger the duck eggs during this period, the faster the increase in production, indicating that the better the feeding and management. Otherwise, identify the reasons in a timely manner and improve them. The egg production rate has gradually increased, especially in the early spring when the duck production rate rises faster. In general, 200 days of age, the egg production rate can reach 98%. If the egg production rate goes up or down or even declines, it is due to feeding. Samples are weighed once a month (in the case of fasting ducks in the morning) once, if the average body weight is close to the standard body weight, it shows that the feeding and management are proper; if it exceeds the standard body weight, it indicates that the excess nutrients should be reduced or increased the proportion of coarse material; if it is lower than the standard body weight, It shows that lack of nutrition should improve feed quality.
2. Mid-term egg production and management Mid-term (301-400 days of age) egg production, with emphasis on ensuring high duck productivity, and strive to maintain the peak of egg production until 400 days, the dietary nutrient concentration should be slightly higher than before. Add only 22 grams of fishmeal or 20% protein to the duck daily. Take 150 grams each day and feed more green feed and calcium. Herbs are fed at a rate of 150 grams per day or with multivitamins and 1%-2% granular shell powder. The light is stable every day for 16 hours. The temperature is maintained at 5°C to 10°C. If it exceeds or falls below this standard, adjustments should be made. Routine operating procedures remain stable. At this time, if the shell is smooth, thick and shiny, it means good quality. If the egg shape becomes longer, the shell is thinner and translucent, there are sand spots, and even soft shell eggs are present, indicating that the feed quality is poor, especially if the calcium content is insufficient, or the vitamin D is lacking, it should be supplemented. If the egg production period is about 2 o'clock in the middle of the night, the egg production time is concentrated, and the production of eggs is neat, indicating proper feeding and management. Otherwise, measures should be taken promptly.
3. The rearing and management of laying eggs focuses on determining the quality of the feed and the feeding amount according to the weight of the laying ducks and the egg production rate in the late stage of laying (401-500 days of age). If the duck production rate is still more than 80%, and the weight of the duck is slightly reduced, animal feed should be properly added in the feed; if the weight increases, the metabolic energy in the feed should be appropriately reduced or the feed intake should be controlled; If the body weight is normal, the crude protein in the feed should be slightly increased compared to the previous stage; the light is kept at 16 hours per day, and the ducks are moved in the house three times a day, about 5-10 minutes each time, and the eggshell mass and egg weight are decreased. , supplements cod liver oil and minerals. Keep the microclimate and operational procedures in the duck house relatively stable and avoid stress reactions.
Second, the management points
1. Appropriately strengthen exercise, promote bone and muscle development, prevent excessive fat. Drive regularly every day to make it move in a circle, every 5-10 minutes, 2-4 times a day.
2. More contact with ducks to increase the guts of ducks and prevent frightening groups.
3. Shelter lights all night, low light lighting. The standard daylight hours for young ducks are 8-10 hours per day and should not be increased before the start of production. In order to facilitate the ducks to drink at night, to prevent the rats from harassing and disturbing the group, the house should be illuminated with low-light lighting. A 30-watt light bulb can be installed on a 30-square-meter duck house. If a blackout occurs, the kerosene lamp should be turned on immediately.
4. To strengthen the prevention of infectious diseases.
5. To establish a stable system of work and rest. According to the living habits of ducks, a routine system and operating procedures should be established to maintain stability after the formation.
Third, grasp the feeding and management of the egg production period
1. Early and early egg-laying management Early egg-laying (150-200 days old) and early-stage (201-300 days old), focusing on increasing nutrient concentration and feeding times in the diet to meet nutritional needs and ensuring that the duck population The egg production peak reached smoothly. When the egg production rate reaches 50%, 10 grams of fish meal is added to each duck every day; 15 grams of fish meal is added when the egg production rate is 70%; 18-20 grams of fish meal is added when the egg production rate is more than 90%, and this level is maintained thereafter. . The number of feedings increased from 3 times a day to 4 times, 3 times during the day and 10 times a night. The average light 14 hours, and should gradually increase from short to long. The larger the duck eggs during this period, the faster the increase in production, indicating that the better the feeding and management. Otherwise, identify the reasons in a timely manner and improve them. The egg production rate has gradually increased, especially in the early spring when the duck production rate rises faster. In general, 200 days of age, the egg production rate can reach 98%. If the egg production rate goes up or down or even declines, it is due to feeding. Samples are weighed once a month (in the case of fasting ducks in the morning) once, if the average body weight is close to the standard body weight, it shows that the feeding and management are proper; if it exceeds the standard body weight, it indicates that the excess nutrients should be reduced or increased the proportion of coarse material; if it is lower than the standard body weight, It shows that lack of nutrition should improve feed quality.
2. Mid-term egg production and management Mid-term (301-400 days of age) egg production, with emphasis on ensuring high duck productivity, and strive to maintain the peak of egg production until 400 days, the dietary nutrient concentration should be slightly higher than before. Add only 22 grams of fishmeal or 20% protein to the duck daily. Take 150 grams each day and feed more green feed and calcium. Herbs are fed at a rate of 150 grams per day or with multivitamins and 1%-2% granular shell powder. The light is stable every day for 16 hours. The temperature is maintained at 5°C to 10°C. If it exceeds or falls below this standard, adjustments should be made. Routine operating procedures remain stable. At this time, if the shell is smooth, thick and shiny, it means good quality. If the egg shape becomes longer, the shell is thinner and translucent, there are sand spots, and even soft shell eggs are present, indicating that the feed quality is poor, especially if the calcium content is insufficient, or the vitamin D is lacking, it should be supplemented. If the egg production period is about 2 o'clock in the middle of the night, the egg production time is concentrated, and the production of eggs is neat, indicating proper feeding and management. Otherwise, measures should be taken promptly.
3. The rearing and management of laying eggs focuses on determining the quality of the feed and the feeding amount according to the weight of the laying ducks and the egg production rate in the late stage of laying (401-500 days of age). If the duck production rate is still more than 80%, and the weight of the duck is slightly reduced, animal feed should be properly added in the feed; if the weight increases, the metabolic energy in the feed should be appropriately reduced or the feed intake should be controlled; If the body weight is normal, the crude protein in the feed should be slightly increased compared to the previous stage; the light is kept at 16 hours per day, and the ducks are moved in the house three times a day, about 5-10 minutes each time, and the eggshell mass and egg weight are decreased. , supplements cod liver oil and minerals. Keep the microclimate and operational procedures in the duck house relatively stable and avoid stress reactions.
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