Type 1 diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin, which can be relieved by a process called islet transplantation, which involves transplanting large numbers of cells from the healthy donor's pancreas. A side effect of this approach is the need to continuously inject immunosuppressive drugs to avoid rejection by foreign cells. But a new delivery technology that uses 3D printed stents to protect transplanted cells opens a new chapter and may yield even more significant results with less effort.
For patients with type 1 diabetes, maintaining a lower glucose concentration in the blood may trigger a range of adverse symptoms, including dizziness, night sweats, and even coma and death. This condition is called hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia. Research by the British Diabetes Association shows that about one-third of people with type 1 diabetes have the above symptoms.
In order to improve the success rate of insulin transplantation and improve the quality of life of patients with type 1 diabetes, researchers from the University of Twente in the Netherlands set out to develop better stents for delivery. The idea is to make these stents protect the insulin from the immune system and provide a better environment for its operation.
Researchers embed insulin into a scaffold consisting of alginate and gelatin. They choose a porous structure instead of a solid structure, which allows insulin and glucose to react optimally. The thickness and viscosity level of the blended material is also important, it should be strong enough to be made with a 3d printer, and not too strong to affect the effect of embedding insulin.
In the experiment, the researchers found that embedding insulin in a 3D printed stent did not affect its viability (in comparison with insulin). This shows that this method does not affect its function, and can provide an effective guarantee for the human immune system.
"If we want to improve the success rate of type 1 diabetes treatment, we first need to develop an implant that holds or wraps the islets. The material of the implant must be very effective in providing oxygen and nutrient supply inside and outside, as well as fast glucose and insulin. Exchange, while also isolating host cells," said Dr. AA van Apeidoorn, one of the authors of the study.
The research findings have been published in the US "Institute of Physics" journal.
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