First, biological characteristics
Plant height 60-90cm, flowering from October to December, growth temperature 20-25 degrees, normal growth under 35 degree environment, no freezing damage above 5 degrees; low requirement for soil fertility, suitable for planting in sandy soil Loam or sandy soil.
Second, the type of species
The species of the purple backlit sunflower can be divided into two types: the red leaf type, the purple back stem type, and the purple stem type.
Third, the breeding method
1. Cut propagation
Cutting propagation time: 2-3 months and September-October; cutting propagation benefits: easy to produce adventitious roots, cuttings very easy to survive.
2. Breeding
The time of propagation of the ramets: The plants are planted after dormancy or before the growth is resumed. Notes on the propagation of the ramets: Since the growth of the plants after the ramets is weak, they are not used in production.
3. Seed propagation
Seed propagation time: In the 2nd to 3rd months, the temperature is sown above 12 degrees; the sowing and propagation benefits: The seedlings bred are almost free of viruses.
IV. Techniques for cultivation of pedestal pots and basal pots of Violet
1. Facilities construction
(1) Level the ground and establish the column
After the floor of the shed is leveled and compacted, bricks and cement are used to build several working tracks along the north-south direction. The width of the work path is 80-100cm, the spacing is 80-120cm, and the distance between the columns is 100-120cm; the bottom of the pillar is rotatable. On the plastic turntable, a 20-30cm square deep cement pier is built under the square, and a 6m long galvanized pipe of about 2m in length is embedded in the cement pier. The plastic turntable is stacked with 6 to 10 plum blossom plastic pots.
(2) Laying drip irrigation system
One end of the liquid supply manifold is connected to the reservoir pump through a valve, and the other end is connected to the liquid supply manifolds of each row of columns through valves. Three small diameters of about 1.0 cm are opened in each row of the liquid supply manifold near each column. The hole communicates with the capillary through the joint. The capillary extends from the upper part of the pillar to the center of the cultivation basin. One of the capillary tubes is installed in the upper first basin, and the remaining two are installed in the middle and lower cultivation basins. The three capillary tubes are arranged in a triangle so that The liquid supply is even.
When supplying liquid, the nutrient solution is supplied through the main supply pipe → liquid supply branch pipe → capillary tube → cultivation pot. The excess water in the cultivation pot flows through the small holes in the bottom of the cultivation pots to the ground in turn, finally to the drainage ditch, and discharged outside the shed.
2. Matrix selection and disinfection
Select slag with a particle size of 0.5 cm or more as a cultivation substrate, sterilize it with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution before use, cover the substrate with a plastic cloth, and bury for 20-30 minutes.
3. Colonization
According to the shape of the plastic basin in advance cut into the corresponding size of the plastic placed in the pelvic floor, and then the sterilized slag installed from the basin along the height of 1 ~ 2cm, the root of the root system of the cuttings of M. micrantha planted in the pot 5 prominent In the matrix of the site, the water pump is started by hand, and the water pump is started to be soaked through the drip irrigation system; after 2-3 days, the water is poured one time, and after about one week, the seedling is over, and then it is transitioned to the normal cultivation. management.
4. Cultivation Management
(1) Temperature and humidity control In winter, attention should be paid to insulation; in the summer and autumn, the temperature should be shaded by a net, and membrane ventilation should be removed to reduce the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
(2) Pruning adjustment After planting and planting, when the plant grows to a height of 15 cm, the growing point is removed, and the axillary buds are promoted to become the main nutrition branch.
(3) Rotate the column regularly and rotate the column once every 2-3d.
(4) Regular washing of salt. Regularly drip water through the drip irrigation system to clean the surface of the slag to absorb the deposited nutrients, so as to avoid accumulation of salt poisoning the roots.
5. Harvest
About 20-25 days after planting, the height of seedlings is about 20 cm, and the top leaves are harvested before they have been expanded, and harvested once every 10-15 days.
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