1. Choose high-quality seedlings: The quality of seedlings is one of the important factors that affect the survival rate of fruit trees. Choose seedlings with high technical standards as much as possible, such as no pests, strong growth, well-developed roots, and short internodes. Carefully select seedlings before planting, and eliminate unqualified weak seedlings, leggy seedlings, damaged seedlings, etc.
2. False planting of seedlings: After the seedlings arrive, if it is not the planting season, false planting should be carried out first. Fake planting method: Choose a trench at the back of the house. Generally, the trench is 40 cm deep and 80 cm wide. The length depends on the number of seedlings. If the soil is dry, fill it with water first, and then dig trenches after the water has penetrated. Cut the seedlings to about 10 cm above the fixed stem height, untie the ropes that bind the roots of the seedlings, and place the seedlings at an angle of 45 degrees to the bottom of the ditch. Arrange the root system evenly on the slope in the trench, and then carefully cover the root system and the lower part of the shoot stem with wet soil. If the roots of the seedlings lose water, they can be planted after being soaked in water for 12-15 hours.
3. Hole and ditch preparation: The depth of the fruit tree planting hole is 60-70 cm, and the diameter is 60-70 cm. The size of the planting hole is also determined by the quality of the soil. If the soil is good, dig a hole. If the soil quality is not good, a large hole should be dug, the topsoil and the core soil should be placed separately, the topsoil and the decomposed soil and manure should be mixed and filled into the lower layer of the tree hole, and the core soil should be placed on the surface. The root zone and the fertilization zone are separated by 20 cm, and it is strictly forbidden to apply fresh manure as a base fertilizer to avoid damage to the roots. Nectarines and plums can also be planted without base fertilizer.
4. Planting at the right time: Spring planting should be carried out before and after the seedlings sprout. Early or late planting is not conducive to the survival of the seedlings. The planting time should be different due to the different characteristics of the tree species. Peach, apricot and plum should be early, and jujube should be late.
5. Arrange the root system: After the fruit tree is dug out from the nursery, the root system has been injured. In order to reduce the injured area, it needs to be arranged. Use scissors to remove part of the main root, and the large lateral root should be cut flat from the injured area. Do not cut diagonally to make the wound easy to recover.
6. Planting: Planting fruit seedlings in spring should be soaked in clean water for 1 day and night, so that the seedlings can fully absorb water before planting. When planting, it is necessary to standardize and achieve horizontal and vertical lines. The depth of planting is usually based on the level of the roots of the seedlings with the ground. The root system should be stretched, and then cultivated, steadfast, and irrigated. After the water seeps, the hole should be sealed to conserve water.
7. Seedlings fixed dry: after planting, fruit tree seedlings should be fixed dry in time. Apples are mostly tree-shaped with stems, which require a fixed stem of 70 to 80 cm. Peaches, nectarines, plums, apricots and cherries are generally open-hearted and should be dried at 50-60 cm. Choose to leave full buds as the main branch in the 20 cm shaping belt under the cut.
8. Post-planting management: Newly planted seedlings should be irrigated in time according to the growth condition of the fruit tree and soil moisture in accordance with the management principle of "promote before and after control", and top-dressing should be carried out in a timely manner. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage, as much as possible. The growth of fruit tree seedlings creates a good environmental condition.
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