The empty court sent a WeChat on November 16: Does wheat need potassium fertilizer? When is it better to apply?
Tan Liyun: The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by wheat depends on the variety, soil, and cultivation practices. For every 100 kg of grain produced by wheat, about 3 kg of nitrogen (reduced pure nitrogen) and phosphorus (reduced pentaoxide) Diphosphorus) 1 to 1.5 kg, potassium (potassium oxide) 3 to 4 kg. Wheat has a large demand for potassium, with the most absorption from jointing to booting and flowering, accounting for about 40% of the total absorption, and returning to greening to save 33%. By the time of flowering, the absorption of potassium has reached the maximum. Appropriate application of potassium fertilizer in wheat fields can significantly increase yield and improve quality. Generally, about 10 kilograms of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide) should be applied per acre during the whole growth period of wheat, which should be applied twice. Force level and target output should be adjusted appropriately.
Empty court: Is it better to apply urea before the Spring Festival or after the New Year? After the fifteenth day of the first month, do you want to apply urea again, or wait until the time of wheat jointing, to apply urea, how much urea per acre?
Tan Liyun: There are two peaks of nitrogen absorption by winter wheat, one is from tillering to the beginning of wintering, accounting for 20% of the total absorption; the other is from the jointing to the booting flowering, accounting for 40% of the total absorption. Winter wheat absorbed phosphorus from jointing to booting and booting to maturity, which accounted for 30% and 40% of total absorption, respectively. Wheat seedlings should be provided with appropriate amounts of available nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; from jointing, booting to flowering is the period when wheat has the most nutrients in its lifetime, requiring a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients; high nitrogen should be maintained after heading and flowering Nutrition and appropriate amount of phosphorus nutrition.
According to the law of fertilizer demand for high-yielding wheat, in order to meet the strong demand for fertilizers at the two peak fertilizer absorption periods of tillering and jointing and booting, taking medium-gluten wheat with the largest planting area in our province as an example, generally 16 to 18 kilograms of pure nitrogen must be applied per acre. (Strong gluten wheat is appropriately increased and weak gluten wheat is appropriately reduced). At the same time, phosphorus and potassium are added according to the soil nutrient supply status, and the application ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is about 1: 0.6: 0.6. Fertilizer operation adopts the "V" double-promoting fertilization method, applying sufficient base fertilizer, and applying heavy-duty jointing booting fertilizer to reduce the application of winter wax fertilizer and early spring returning green fertilizer. The practice of high-yield cultivation of wheat shows that winter wax fertilizer and green fertilizer in early spring in traditional agriculture actually promote ineffective tillering and ineffective growth, which can easily lead to the deterioration of the population and the subsequent yield reduction.
Under normal circumstances, medium-gluten wheat base fertilizer accounts for 50% to 60% of total nitrogen, 50% of total phosphorus, and 50% to 70% of total potassium. Generally, 45% of universal compound fertilizer is 35 kg and 5-10 kg of urea per acre. The amount can be adjusted according to the local soil fertility. Jointing booting fertilizer accounts for 40% to 50% of total nitrogen, 50% of total phosphorus, and 30% to 50% of total potassium, which promotes strong stalks for large ears.
Wheat jointing booting fertilizer can be applied at the time of the inverted 3-leaf stage, the leaf color fades, the peak seedlings decline, the first internode is basically fixed at the base, and the second internode begins to elongate at a time.Apply 15 kg of urea per acre and an appropriate amount. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. It can also be divided into two applications: joint fertilizer and booting fertilizer. Wheat joint fertilizer is applied in the 3-leaf stage. Generally, 4-5 kg ​​of pure nitrogen, 3-4 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 5-6 kg of potassium oxide are applied per acre. It is advisable to apply compound fertilizer plus urea or special formula fertilizer; booting fertilizer is applied in the first leaf stage of wheat. Generally, 3 to 4 kg of pure nitrogen is applied per mu, and urea is suitable. For fields with a small amount of fertilizer in the early stage, early yellowing of wheat seedlings, and small and weak growing groups, jointing booting fertilizer should be applied early and the application amount should be increased. It is best to divide jointing fertilizer and booting fertilizer twice. For fields with large populations, slow fading of leaf color, and large application rates of waxy fertilizer and returning green fertilizer, jointing booting fertilizer should be appropriately reduced and the application delayed. For short-stalk, fertilizer-tolerant and fall-resistant varieties, you can apply more than appropriate; for high-stalk, non-fertilizer-resistant varieties, apply less. Fields with insufficient base fertilizer and poor soil fertility should be properly applied; soil fertilization, with stiff soil fields, can be applied less.
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