At present, most of the stocks reared in large-scale mudskipper fish farming are caught in natural sea areas. With the growing scale of farming, the demand for seedlings is increasing, which needs to be solved through artificial breeding. The main points of the seedling raising technology of the big bullet-coated fish pond are described below for your reference.
First, pond construction requirements
1. Substrate pond bottom is better with soft mud.
2. The area is from half an acre to several acres, and the management of a small pond is more convenient.
3. The height of the pond embankment is more than 0.6m, and the height of the embankment on the inside of the embankment is 1m, and it is made of 20 mesh mesh to prevent the escape of large salamanders and invasion of predators.
4. The pool ditch excavates the ditch (pool ditch) every 2.0m in the direction of the length of the pool, and the ditch is ditched (side ditch) around the pond. The ditch communicates with the ditch. The width of the ditch is 1.0m and the ditch depth is 0.3m-0.4m. The ditch should be slightly deeper than the ditch. The ditch should be inclined toward the outlet of the pond in order to facilitate drainage and fry collection. In the end, the pool bottom surface is divided into a number of ridges (pings) by the ditch, and the screed surface needs to be leveled.
5. Inlet and outlet ports are set to block water, which can filter water and prevent escape. The net should be more than 80 mesh.
6. Arrange the ovipositor to choose the ceramic tube made of ceramic tube, diameter 10cm, length 50cm, horizontally placed in the pool ditch, place every 2m, pay attention to the smooth side of the ceramic tube down and rough side up In order to adhere to fertilized eggs.
Second, clear ponds and benthic diatom breeding
1. Clear pond is carried out about 20 days in advance, generally from the end of April to the beginning of May, with water clear pond, quicklime 75kg/mu or bleaching powder 10kg/mu, to kill the enemy.
2. After 1 week of cultivating the clear pond, the algae will be drained and the rice bran shall be evenly spread on the surface of the ground. 40kg/mu. Note that it cannot be piled up. Then, seawater shall be injected to maintain the water level on the surface of the pond 5cm-10cm. Algae cultivation. If the newly-built pond is fed with fermented chickens, pig manure 40kg/mu and rice bran 20kg/mu, the cultivation of benthic diatoms will be better. After 3 days to 5 days, benthic diatoms will be able to reproduce.
Third, the choice of broodstock and stocking
1. Stocking time When benthic diatoms on a flat surface are brownish-yellow “slime†like algae beds, they can be stocked with big-shot fish. Selective glands should be close to mature individuals as broodstock. In general, the breeding season of the big salamander fish in the south coast of Zhejiang province is from June to August, and the breeding season is from July to August; the reproduction boom period of pond culture fish is August. In the upper and middle periods, the breeding period of the big salamander fish that lives in natural tidal flats is later. Therefore, the broodstock should be stocked in mid-to-late May.
2. The size of broodstock females weighs about 25g, and the male weighs about 20g. The size of broodstock is large.
3. Male and female identification of male and female identification in non-breeding seasons is difficult. The breeding season can be identified from the appearance of the shriveled mastoid. The female fish has a large and round blunt tuberculosis and is red-swelled. The male fish has a narrow nipple and a sharp, long needle.
4. Male-male ratio of large-scale male masturbation fish breeding male and female pairs, so the ratio of male to female with 1:1 is appropriate.
5. The stocking density of broodstock should be between 1000 and 2000 mu/mu, and it should be increased or decreased depending on the individual size of the broodstock.
4. Breeding and management of broodstock After the broodstock enters the pool, it feeds mainly on benthic diatoms on the surface of the pond. After less than half a month, the bottom benthic diatoms need to be re-cultivated by fertilization. This is done by draining the pool water to the exposed flats. The surface (the water in the ditch is still 0.3m), and the drying floor should pay attention to the weather forecast for a few days. In case of rain, the algae bed on the surface will be washed out. The drying floor should be sun-dried to the surface of the surface and there should be cracks. Then spread the rice bran 20 kg/mu evenly. Be careful not to pile up in one place. Do not cast it on the hole of the cavernous fish. Keep the water level at 5cm-10cm. Cultivation of benthic diatoms can also be carried out with urea 1.5 kg/mu and superphosphate 0.5 kg/mu, which can also be used to cultivate benthic diatoms. In addition to the cultivation period of benthic diatoms, micro-flowing water should be maintained under the condition that the water level of the pond water remains basically unchanged, so as to promote the development and maturation of the gonadal glands of the big borer.
Five, spawning and hatching broodstock After about 0.5 months -1.0 months of incubation, gonads mature broodstock began to lay eggs. The spawning activities of the giant salamanders are very special. The females and the males are paired and spawned in the “spawning room†or ceramic tube ovipositor in the cave. Since the time for the development of gonads between individuals is early or late, the spawning time of broodstock in the same pond can last more than half a month. During spawning and hatching, generally do not change the water, but add water in an appropriate amount to keep the water fresh and rich in dissolved oxygen. Fertilized eggs can be hatched after about 4 days to 5 days.
6. The young larvae that have just hatched from fry are 0.25cm long and grow to 0.35cm-0.4cm in length after 5 days. At this time, they start feeding, such as micro-plankton, shellfish larvae, bacteria and organic debris. When the fry grows to a full length of about 0.5cm, it can take rotifers and small copepod larvae. The fry grows from 0.5cm to 1.6cm and uses animal feed as the staple food, such as rotifers, copepods, and Artemia. No juveniles, etc.; when the fry grows to a full length of about 2.0cm, they have already lived in burrows, turned to benthic diatoms, and eat organic debris in cocklepods and soil.
In the initial stage of cultivation, the fish fry except the plankton in the feeding pool should be fed with soybean milk as a supplementary feed, once or twice a day, to supplement the shortage of natural food organisms in the pond.
In the early stage of fry breeding, no water is changed, only water is added. When the water level on the surface exceeds 0.3m, the appropriate amount of water will be changed, and the water will be drained when changing the water level.
First, pond construction requirements
1. Substrate pond bottom is better with soft mud.
2. The area is from half an acre to several acres, and the management of a small pond is more convenient.
3. The height of the pond embankment is more than 0.6m, and the height of the embankment on the inside of the embankment is 1m, and it is made of 20 mesh mesh to prevent the escape of large salamanders and invasion of predators.
4. The pool ditch excavates the ditch (pool ditch) every 2.0m in the direction of the length of the pool, and the ditch is ditched (side ditch) around the pond. The ditch communicates with the ditch. The width of the ditch is 1.0m and the ditch depth is 0.3m-0.4m. The ditch should be slightly deeper than the ditch. The ditch should be inclined toward the outlet of the pond in order to facilitate drainage and fry collection. In the end, the pool bottom surface is divided into a number of ridges (pings) by the ditch, and the screed surface needs to be leveled.
5. Inlet and outlet ports are set to block water, which can filter water and prevent escape. The net should be more than 80 mesh.
6. Arrange the ovipositor to choose the ceramic tube made of ceramic tube, diameter 10cm, length 50cm, horizontally placed in the pool ditch, place every 2m, pay attention to the smooth side of the ceramic tube down and rough side up In order to adhere to fertilized eggs.
Second, clear ponds and benthic diatom breeding
1. Clear pond is carried out about 20 days in advance, generally from the end of April to the beginning of May, with water clear pond, quicklime 75kg/mu or bleaching powder 10kg/mu, to kill the enemy.
2. After 1 week of cultivating the clear pond, the algae will be drained and the rice bran shall be evenly spread on the surface of the ground. 40kg/mu. Note that it cannot be piled up. Then, seawater shall be injected to maintain the water level on the surface of the pond 5cm-10cm. Algae cultivation. If the newly-built pond is fed with fermented chickens, pig manure 40kg/mu and rice bran 20kg/mu, the cultivation of benthic diatoms will be better. After 3 days to 5 days, benthic diatoms will be able to reproduce.
Third, the choice of broodstock and stocking
1. Stocking time When benthic diatoms on a flat surface are brownish-yellow “slime†like algae beds, they can be stocked with big-shot fish. Selective glands should be close to mature individuals as broodstock. In general, the breeding season of the big salamander fish in the south coast of Zhejiang province is from June to August, and the breeding season is from July to August; the reproduction boom period of pond culture fish is August. In the upper and middle periods, the breeding period of the big salamander fish that lives in natural tidal flats is later. Therefore, the broodstock should be stocked in mid-to-late May.
2. The size of broodstock females weighs about 25g, and the male weighs about 20g. The size of broodstock is large.
3. Male and female identification of male and female identification in non-breeding seasons is difficult. The breeding season can be identified from the appearance of the shriveled mastoid. The female fish has a large and round blunt tuberculosis and is red-swelled. The male fish has a narrow nipple and a sharp, long needle.
4. Male-male ratio of large-scale male masturbation fish breeding male and female pairs, so the ratio of male to female with 1:1 is appropriate.
5. The stocking density of broodstock should be between 1000 and 2000 mu/mu, and it should be increased or decreased depending on the individual size of the broodstock.
4. Breeding and management of broodstock After the broodstock enters the pool, it feeds mainly on benthic diatoms on the surface of the pond. After less than half a month, the bottom benthic diatoms need to be re-cultivated by fertilization. This is done by draining the pool water to the exposed flats. The surface (the water in the ditch is still 0.3m), and the drying floor should pay attention to the weather forecast for a few days. In case of rain, the algae bed on the surface will be washed out. The drying floor should be sun-dried to the surface of the surface and there should be cracks. Then spread the rice bran 20 kg/mu evenly. Be careful not to pile up in one place. Do not cast it on the hole of the cavernous fish. Keep the water level at 5cm-10cm. Cultivation of benthic diatoms can also be carried out with urea 1.5 kg/mu and superphosphate 0.5 kg/mu, which can also be used to cultivate benthic diatoms. In addition to the cultivation period of benthic diatoms, micro-flowing water should be maintained under the condition that the water level of the pond water remains basically unchanged, so as to promote the development and maturation of the gonadal glands of the big borer.
Five, spawning and hatching broodstock After about 0.5 months -1.0 months of incubation, gonads mature broodstock began to lay eggs. The spawning activities of the giant salamanders are very special. The females and the males are paired and spawned in the “spawning room†or ceramic tube ovipositor in the cave. Since the time for the development of gonads between individuals is early or late, the spawning time of broodstock in the same pond can last more than half a month. During spawning and hatching, generally do not change the water, but add water in an appropriate amount to keep the water fresh and rich in dissolved oxygen. Fertilized eggs can be hatched after about 4 days to 5 days.
6. The young larvae that have just hatched from fry are 0.25cm long and grow to 0.35cm-0.4cm in length after 5 days. At this time, they start feeding, such as micro-plankton, shellfish larvae, bacteria and organic debris. When the fry grows to a full length of about 0.5cm, it can take rotifers and small copepod larvae. The fry grows from 0.5cm to 1.6cm and uses animal feed as the staple food, such as rotifers, copepods, and Artemia. No juveniles, etc.; when the fry grows to a full length of about 2.0cm, they have already lived in burrows, turned to benthic diatoms, and eat organic debris in cocklepods and soil.
In the initial stage of cultivation, the fish fry except the plankton in the feeding pool should be fed with soybean milk as a supplementary feed, once or twice a day, to supplement the shortage of natural food organisms in the pond.
In the early stage of fry breeding, no water is changed, only water is added. When the water level on the surface exceeds 0.3m, the appropriate amount of water will be changed, and the water will be drained when changing the water level.
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