Helianthus tuberosus scientific name Helianthus tuberosus L. Alias ​​Yang ginger, devil ginger. Is a perennial herb of the Asteraceae family. Take roots, stems and leaves as medicine. With fever, intestinal heat diarrhea, bruises and other effects. Distributed in North China, East China, South China, and China.
At the beginning of the symptoms, brown bracts appear on the back of the leaves, which are the germs of the summer spore colony. After the surface ruptures, brown powder is emitted, which is the spores of the pathogen. After the disease, many dark brown cicadas are produced, ie, the pathogenic teliospores, and the black spores emerge. The powder, that is, the teliospores, caused severe early leaf dryness. Not only the leaves are infected, but sometimes the spores are found on the back of the tablets. This is an important disease that affects the yield.
Pathogen Puccinia helianthi Schw. Sunflower rust, a basidiomycotina fungus. The organelles were born on both sides of the leaves, round and yellow; the cup-shaped group of rust generators were born on the back of the leaves, the size of 21-2818-21 (μm); the summer spores were mainly born on the back of the leaves, round to elliptical, size 1 - 1.5mm, with 2 bud holes; teliospore pile formed on the back of leaves, brown to dark brown, size 0.5-1.5mm; teliospores oval to oblong, both ends of the circle, slightly separated at the partition Shrink, size 40-5422-29 (μm), handle colorless, length about 110μm. Single host parasitism, 0, I, II, III on the leaves, mainly injures Jerusalem artichoke, sunflower, small flower sunflower, narrow leaf sunflower, dark red sunflower and so on.
Transmission Pathway and Pathogenic Conditions The pathogens threw winter spores on the diseased body. When the conditions are correct in the following year, the spores of the winter spore germinate and invade the young leaves to form a sexual organ, and then a rust generator is generated on the back of the lesion. The rust spores scattered inside the device. After propagation, it invades the leaves and forms the uredia spores and uredia spores. The uredia spores spread through the air stream and re-infected several times. When the Jerusalem artichoke grows close to the harvest, it forms a teliospore heap where the uredia spores pile is formed. The wintering of winter spores is prone to disease in the rainy season from July to August.
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