In orchid culture, the absorption of nutrients by orchids is mainly done by their own root systems, and it is rarely necessary to apply extra-root fertilizers. Therefore, extra-root nutrition is less important than root nutrition, but under special circumstances, extra-root nutrition still has certain significance. When there is a shortage of orchids, it is necessary to promptly remediate the fertilization. In practice, foliar fertilization can easily eliminate the symptoms of orchid deficiency. In addition, foliar fertilization is also a better way to replenish fertilizer for rot root blue plants.
First, the advantages of orchid leaf fertilization
1, direct supply of nutrients to prevent potting and soil compaction. Some nutrients, such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), etc., are easily fixed after being applied to potting soil, and their effectiveness is greatly reduced. If it is changed to foliar fertilization, it will prevent potted soil consolidation and increase fertilizer efficiency.
2, nutrients run fast, short-term effective. Foliar spray fertilization is quicker than root fertilization and can ensure the timely supply of nutrients. Practice has shown that spraying urea on foliar can be effective for 1 to 2 days, while application of urea requires 5 to 6 days. Another example is the use of phosphate fertilizers, which can be effective when the leaves are sprayed once, but it takes 10 days for root fertilization to take effect.
3, save fertilizer, and do not hurt the roots. Fertilizer foliar spray application is generally only about 20% of the amount of potting fertilization. To spray “Huabao†as an example, 1 gram of Huabao is dissolved in 1 liter of water (ie, 1000 times of fresh water is added). Spraying Lan Yezheng On the other hand, with only a small amount, only one-fifth of the amount of plant material in the pot is sufficient. The foliar spraying of trace element fertilizers not only saves the amount, but also avoids the damage to the roots of orchids due to uneven application of potting earth.
4, to make up for the lack of root fertilizer application. Every year in the summer of the summer and the cold winter, root fertilization must stop, but it does not mean that the orchid plant does not need nutrients, then the safest way to supplement nutrients is to apply foliar fertilizer. Foliar fertilization can be carried out all year round. In summer, when it is selected for cooler weather and when winter is selected for warming, foliar fertilization can receive good results, thus making up for the inadequacy of stopping the application of root fertilizer.
5, save time and reduce the number of spraying. Foliar fertilization can be performed together with the sterilization and other processes. In the application of foliar fertilizer solution, adding appropriate amounts of omethoate (killed scale insects, etc.) and 75% chlorothalonil (sterilization) not only applied fertilizer, but also killed insects, thus saving time , It also reduces the number of spraying, you can receive a multiplier effect.
Second, pay attention to the problem of orchid leaf fertilization
1, non-water soluble fertilizer can not be used. Different fertilizers of the same nutrient elements have different rates of leaf surface absorption. The same potassium fertilizer, the fastest rate of leaf surface absorption is potassium chloride, followed by potassium nitrate, and again is potassium dihydrogen phosphate; with nitrogen fertilizer, the fastest rate of leaf surface absorption is urea, followed by nitrate nitrogen, and then The ammonium nitrogen fertilizer. Fertilizers for foliar application can only be water-soluble and water-insoluble fertilizers cannot be used.
2, pay attention to the solution concentration and reaction. The principle is to properly increase the solution concentration under the premise that the foliage is not harmed by fertilizers. This can improve the efficiency of the infiltration and the effect is good, but it must be noted properly.
3, moist blue leaf time. It is generally required that the fertilizer solution moisturizes the leaves for 30 minutes to 1 hour, so that the absorption is quick and the effect is good. If you kill it soon, the effect will be poor. After being sprayed, the effect of rain is also not good. Therefore, we should choose to have a sunny day or a dew-free morning for foliar spraying. The windless weather is better.
4, spraying parts should be reasonable. The stomata are the entrance and exit gates of the plants for photosynthesis and respiration. Therefore, the foliar spraying sites should be reasonable. For example, the stomata of the leaves of Chunlan account for about 85% on the back and only 15% on the front, so pay special attention when fertilizing. Spray the back of the blade. This is also true of the other varieties of Guolan, with emphasis on spraying the back of the leaves.
5, water quality should be clean. The water used to dilute the fertilizer should be clean and cloudy and water containing impurities should not be used. If you use tap water, you must store it for more than one day and use it after chlorine gas is emitted.
6, can not long-term application of a single fertilizer. The different growth periods of orchids should be sprayed with different fertilizers. It is not possible to use only a single fertilizer for a long period of time. For example, when spring orchid sprouts are unearthed, nitrogen fertilizers should be used, such as urea and Huabao (No.5); from the beginning of July to 8 At the end of the month, in order to promote the formation of flower buds, phosphorus fertilizers are mainly used, such as Huabao (No. 3) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. (Wu Yaguang)
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