1. Hi light, requiring a moderate length of sunshine, fear of low-light potato is a hi-light crop, the growth period requires sufficient sunlight; suitable length of sunshine, about 12 hours. The most favorable conditions for potato yield at each growth stage are: short-day seedling stage, strong light and appropriate high temperature, long tuber formation period, strong light and moderately high temperature, tuber growth and short starch accumulation period, strong light, and appropriate low temperature And the larger temperature difference between day and night.
2. Like the cold climate, it is suitable to use the average daily temperature of 17~21°C during the period of high temperature and fertility. The optimum temperature for germination is 12~18°C; the growth of stems and leaves requires a higher temperature, and the optimum temperature is about 20°C; the tuber enlargement requires a lower temperature, and the optimum soil temperature is 16~18°C.
3. Hi dry weather, fear of wet weather potato requires relative humidity of 70% ~ 80% ideal.
4. Wet and moist soil, afraid of dry, afraid of soiling soil moisture should be maintained at the maximum soil moisture content of 70% to 80%; hair growth period late to properly control the water supply, soil moisture should be reduced from 80% to 60%; Potato soil moisture should be increased to 80% to 85%.
5. The soil is suitable for soils with deep topsoil, loose structure, good drainage and aeration, and organic-rich soil. Especially for the cultivation of potato with high porosity and good ventilation in sandy loam soil, the seedling emergence is quick, tuber formation is early, and the tuber is neat. The potato skin is smooth, and the yield and starch content are high. The pH value of soil pH requirements of potato is the most suitable for potato, and it can grow well in the neutral or even alkaline soil in the north. However, when the soil salt content reaches 0.01%, the plants are sensitive.
6. Nutritional requirements Potatoes absorb most of the potassium during the whole growth period, followed by nitrogen fertilizers and phosphorus fertilizers at least. About 1000 kg of tubers are needed to absorb about 5-6 kg of pure nitrogen, 1 to 3 kg of pure phosphorus, and 12 to 13 kg of pure potassium.
Potatoes can be grown in most parts of Shandong Province, and virus-free seed potatoes are the best choice. In spring and autumn in Lunan Spring, the temperature of the spring potato is from low to high, the length of the day is from short to long, and it is vulnerable to late frost after emergence. There is more rain in the later period and the late blight is heavier; the temperature of the autumn potatoes increases from high to high. Low, long-term from long to short, early susceptible to high temperature constraints and threats of drought, often occur in the absence of nest old seedlings, early frost damage. In the management, attention should be paid to pre-germination, adequate base fertilizer, early soil, nurturing strong seedlings, and timely watering fertilizer to remove the bud.
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