Top Ten Progress in China's Life Sciences in 2015

As a hotspot and frontier discipline of world scientific research, life sciences is also one of the most influential subject areas in China at present. It is most likely to change from "follow-and-run" to "run" or even "lead." In 2015, what major progress has China made in this field with world influence? On the 24th, the "Top Ten Progress in China's Life Science Fields 2015", selected by the China Association for the Association of Life Sciences, the first academic association of China, announced the answer to this question.

It is understood that this is the first time in China's life sciences field to conduct the annual top ten progress selection. These ten results are all published in the domestic or domestic work in 2015, and published research results, covering rice research, new mechanisms of intracellular cholesterol transport, new methods of prevention and treatment of regenerative medicine, chronic gastritis and gastric cancer, Many aspects related to the new mechanisms of cellular inflammatory necrosis and pest control, most of the results were published in the form of papers in such well-known international academic journals as "Cell", "Nature" and "Science".

For the ten major developments, the presidium of the consortium wrote: "The ten results not only represent the significant progress made in China's life sciences in 2015, but also an important achievement in the world of life sciences. They not only reveal new mysteries of life. At the same time, it has opened new doors of hope for the development of new technologies in life sciences, new breakthroughs in medicine and the development of bio-economy."

The results of these ten rankings in no particular order are:

1. Researcher of the Institute of Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Professor Qian Qian of the China National Rice Research Institute, the mechanism of rice sensing and resistance to low temperature, the first discovery of plant cryosensors in the world, revealing the molecular cytology of artificial acclimation to confer cold tolerance to indica rice Mechanisms that have the potential to find new outlets for global food scarcity;

2. The research team of Song Baoliang of Wuhan University reveals a new mechanism of intracellular cholesterol transport, which provides new possibilities for the treatment of peroxisome disorders;

3. Professor Deng Hongkui from Peking University Identification of the intermediate state of chemical reprogramming and the establishment of a new system of chemical reprogramming reveals a new mechanism for small molecule compounds to induce somatic cell reprogramming, providing new possibilities for regenerative medicine;

4. Zou Quanming of the Third Military Medical University, Zeng Ming of China Food and Drug Control Research Institute and Zhu Fengcai of Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention have developed oral recombinant H. pylori vaccine after more than 10 years of unremitting efforts to provide new treatment for chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. s method;

5. Professor Shi Yigong of Tsinghua University, the three-dimensional structure of the splice and the molecular structure of RNA splicing, expounded the working principle of the shear body, and provided a basis for further understanding of the RNA splicing process;

6. Professor Xie Can of Peking University on the discovery of the magnetic receptor protein MagR reveals the molecular mechanism of the change of the magnetic field of the organism, which can provide the possibility to promote the magnetic field to control the properties of biological macromolecules, and help to reveal the mystery of biological migration;

7. Professor Yan Tingyun and Professor Shen Jianren from the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences collaborated to analyze the crystal structure of photosynthetic system protein supramolecular complex of higher plant photosystem I, providing theoretical basis and important ways to improve crop light energy utilization efficiency, bionic simulation and open up solar energy utilization;

8. Professor Shao Feng from Beijing Institute of Life Sciences and Professor Han Jiahuai from Xiamen University independently revealed new mechanisms of cellular inflammatory necrosis, providing a new theoretical basis for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases;

9. Professor Tang Fuzhong and Prof. Qiao Jie from Peking University collaborated to analyze the epigenetic regulation of human primordial germ cell gene expression network during development, providing new theories and new methods for gene and epigenetic regulation of human early embryo development;

10. The molecular "switch" of the long and short-wing plasticity development of the insect rice planthopper, discovered by Professor Zhang Chuanxi of Zhejiang University, is of great value in pest control.

The Presidium of the Association said in the article that the selection of these ten results is an important work carried out by the China Association of Science and Technology Life Sciences Association as the first pilot reform of China's society. Its purpose is to promote the overall innovation of China's life sciences. Develop and fully demonstrate the major scientific research achievements in the field of life sciences in China. The selection was based on 18 national societies in the field of life sciences. The Institutes recommended three to five major advances in this field among the many outstanding achievements. In the end, a total of 15 institutes recommended 35 results. After the implementation of the principle of avoidance, after the independent review, the bureau of the consortium of the Institute approved the results of the review according to the number of votes, and submitted the approval of the China Association for Science and Technology to determine the list of the top ten progress.

It is understood that the China Association for the Association of Life Sciences Association was jointly initiated by the Chinese Society of Zoology, the Chinese Botanical Society, the Chinese Insect Society and other national associations of life sciences, and was formally established on October 15, 2015. Chairman of the Chinese Society of Biophysics, Mr. Rao Zihe, is the rotating chairman of the Institute's 2015-2016 annual meeting. Professor Chen Shuguang, chairman of the Chinese Society of Cell Biology, is the rotating secretary-general. The academic advisory expert advisory committee consists of 81 academicians under the age of 70. It is composed of well-known experts at home and abroad, including thousands of planners. At present, there are 18 member societies.