The walnut moth is a Lepidoptera, and the skin of the lepidoptera is blackened. As the damage increases, the snails will gradually appear in the hard shell. The larvae of the limbs will be drilled into the hard shell. The food is harmful, so that the walnut kernels are dried up, and some larvae will eat the vascular bundle between the fruit stalks, so that the walnuts fall early, causing the walnut production to be seriously reduced. Therefore, today Xiaobian will briefly talk about the damage and prevention and control technology of the walnuts. .
1 Morphological characteristics and occurrence of walnut limbs: Morphological characteristics of walnut limbs: belonging to the order Lepidoptera, the limbs of the moths;
The law of walnut limbs and moths: often occurs in Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other walnut producing areas, mainly harming walnut fruits.
1.1 Hazard characteristics The larvae eat walnut fruit and seed kernels, making the damaged fruit black (Figure 1), and fall off early.
Figure 1 Walnut Lifting Moth Hazard
1.2 Morphological characteristics
Adult: body length 6mm, wingspan 13mm, ventral surface silver white, hind foot length, raised to the back side when inhabited, hence the name of the limb moth (Figure 2);
Egg: oval, primiparous milky white gradient yellowish white, reddish brown before hatching;
Larva: body length 8mm, colostrum white, head yellow to dark brown, chest shield and chest-leg yellow brown (Figure 3);
蛹: 5mm long, yellowish brown to brown;
茧: 9mm long, long oval.
1.3 Life history and habits
Figure 2 Adults of walnuts
Figure 3 walnut larvae
The walnut moths are overwintered by the mature larvae in the soil 3cm deep under the tree, under the stones or in the weeds, and a few winters in the bark of the trunk of the trunk;
The overwintering larvae were unearthed in May, and the flooding period was 7 days. The mid-May to the end of May was the period of overwintering adults. From late May to early June, the overwintering adult was in the spawning period, and the egg stage was about 5 days.
From the middle of June to the end of June, it is the first hazard fruit drop period, and the larvae are used as phlegm in fruit drop or soil;
The end of June to the middle and late July is the first generation of the flood season, the first generation from July to the end of July is the first generation adult period, from mid-July to early August is the second generation egg period, from late July to early September The second generation larval stage, from the beginning of August to the end of August is the second fruit drop period;
Adults crouched out at night, usually one fruit produced 1-4, more in the late stage, one fruit can produce 7-8, a female can lay 35-40.
After hatching, the larvae crawled on the fruit surface for 2-3 hours and began to drill into the fruit green skin, feeding it vertically and horizontally (Fig. 4). The skin was filled with insect feces, and the damaged fruit finally turned black, and most of it fell off (Fig. 5), so it was called “walnut black. ";
The walnut moths are closely related to soil moisture and climate, and the soil moisture is high, the weeds are scattered, the winds are wet and the mountains are heavy;
Light away from the sun and dry areas and shallow mountain areas, the landslides are more serious than the cultivated land;
The weather is mild and the weather is severe.
Figure 4: Walnut migratory moth larvae harm young fruit
Figure 5: The fruit of the walnut
2 Pollution-free comprehensive prevention measures
2.1 Agricultural control
Deeply turn the tree tray in the late autumn or early spring, or use a hard brush to scrape the old bark and eliminate the overwintering larvae in the soil or bark seams;
Cover the mulch with a plastic film before the larvae are unearthed at the end of April to prevent the larvae from being unearthed;
Pick up the fruit in the growing season of the walnut and pick up the fruit every 3-5 days;
The green-skinned walnuts should be cleaned in time to eliminate the larvae.
2.2 Biological control
If conditions permit, chickens and geese can be bred in the walnut garden, and the geese will eat larvae in the fruit or in the soil, reducing the number of limb moths.
2.3 Drug control
Before the emergence of adult larvae at the beginning of May, mix with 50% phoxim granules 5kg+50kg of fine sand and sprinkle it under the canopy for control, or use 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 800 times solution + Beauveria bassiana WP Spray the soil under the canopy, spray and plow the soil 5-10cm, so that the soil should be mixed with the agent for prevention and control. Of course, it can also be controlled with methionine or imidacloprid;
In the middle and late stages of mid-May, the end of May, the end of July, the end of July, the wintering or the first-generation adult emergence, use 2000 times of pyrethroid pesticides or 1500 times 25% of the chlorpyrifos 3 suspension + white stiff Bacterial wettable powder, timely spraying and prevention;
If it is planted in a valley or a closed orchard, it can be smoked by adult smokers during adulthood.
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