Winter shears are carried out on fruit trees every winter, but there are many problems in the winter shearing process. Here we will analyze the common problems and find out the appropriate solutions.
Question 1
Many people in the winter shearing, saplings are generally less, resulting in lower early yield, or for the tree shape is good-looking, slashing and killing, the result is good overall, the second year is full of long strips of flower buds.
The correct way is: the saplings depend on the amount; the branches are many, the leaves are more, the main poles are thicker, the crowns grow faster, and the early yields are higher. This is because the saplings have good illumination, and although each sapling has a large number of main branches, the side branches are short, so the illumination is good.
Question 2
In the winter shears, many farmers' friends will not cut in winter, or they don't know which branch should be cut, or they are afraid of cutting more, resulting in low yields next year. Often this will cause the fruit trees to become difficult to form flowers, and the result will move outwards, and the tree will be weak outside. Where the light is not visible, the fruit is difficult to color.
The correct way is: in fact, when it is winter shearing, it is necessary to ensure that the fruit trees are well ventilated and light, because the trees are dependent on the sun, the trees are constantly growing, the light is constantly deteriorating, and the shape is constantly changing. This year The light is not good, the next year is even worse, no light and no result.
Question 3
Many farmers cut the flower branches and twigs during the winter shearing. As a result, the second old man was full of trees and no flowers, so the overall output decreased.
Question 4
Some farmers often cut only large branches when they pruned, neglected the twigs, or thought that the twigs were more flowery and not willing to cut. The result was that the trees were more flowery, making the leaves of the fruit trees smaller and the fruits smaller.
The correct approach is: the tree should be integrated when trimming, not only the big branches, but also the twigs.
Question 5
When some farmers are building, they always want to plant more trees, and the output will be high. I don't want the overall ventilation and light transmission of the orchard. Now is the commodity era, not the production era, the production of all red fruits, in order to not sell, in order to sell high prices.
The correct way is: the result is based on the twigs on the tree, the leaves on the twigs see the sunlight after the synthesis of nutrients, first used for their own construction, that is, the leaves on the twigs see the sunlight after the synthesis of nutrients, first stored in the top and side buds It is necessary to store more nutrients to make flowers. Practice has proved that if the leaves of the twigs do not see light, it is difficult to form flowers.
So before the winter cut, we must solve the large-scale lighting.
An orchard is a large shape.
Once the large-scale illumination is not good, the illumination of a tree is good, and the light cannot be fundamentally solved. Because the fruit tree is dynamic and not static, the main branches, side branches, and extension heads are still long each year, even for each tree, each master. The branches have their own growth space, and the extension head does not overlap, but the tree will cover the light of the adjacent trees, the leaves and leaves will see the sun, and the flowers in the ground will cool to produce the whole red fruit.
However, the coolness of the underground flowers should reach about 30%, that is, the cooling of 1 square meter of flowers should be nearly one foot. Therefore, when the large shape is sealed, the permanent temporary trees should be separated to cut, or the partitions should be cut across the trees.
Question 6
Some farmers use the same method of cutting when they are not cut in winter.
The correct way is: some varieties of apples are easy to bloom, the results are early, and it is easy to produce flowers in successive years, for example, 嘎啦, Qin Guan and other varieties. But this kind of tree is also weak and fast.
Some varieties have sensitive pruning reactions and require higher nutrient storage to form flowers, for example, Red Fuji and other varieties. Of course, the Qiaohua, the dwarf intermediate anvil, and the short-branched type tree are easy to become flowers because of the dwarfing function, and the results are repeated for years, but the tree is also weak.
Under normal circumstances, the dwarf intermediate anvil tree, dwarfed from the rootstock and short-branched type trees, as long as the ratio of the branches is pulled, suitable for the main rod shape, slender spindle shape, free spindle shape, cylindrical shape. However, because Qiaohua Red Fuji didn't dare to retreat for almost a lifetime, if the light could not be solved, it could only be lifted and thinned. It was a big crown tree shape, and finally it was a happy shape of 3 to 4 main branches.
The big tree chaos starts from a small tree. It should be based on the Jordan tree you planted, the dwarf intermediate anvil, the dwarf root anvil, or the short branch type tree. Different shaping methods and planting density are adopted from an early age.
Question 7
When some farmers cut winter, they always thought that a pair of scissors could "fix the dragons and kun". I don't know that the fruit trees yielded 5 kilograms per mu and 10,000 kilograms. The yield of fruit trees is higher than any crop, and the investment will definitely be larger than any crop. Because it is heavy, it will eat more.
Of course, if you don't invest or invest small, the fruit will be smaller every year, and it will easily form the next year's results. There are still many rot diseases, and the fruit trees live for decades.
The correct way is: fruit tree growth not only requires NPK, but also needs 17 kinds of trace elements, carbon and hydrogen as long as the branches and leaves see the sun, the sun gives, but calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, copper , molybdenum, selenium, etc., can not be less. The absence of any element affects the growth and flowering of fruit trees.
For example: zinc-deficient leaflets, iron-deficient yellow leaves, boron-deficient fruit, fruit or scorpion, calcium deficiency and black spots, lack of calcium and silicon deficiency fruit without brightness. So winter shears are only part of the management of fruit trees. Because rational fertilization, watering, reasonable fruit retention, and pest control are all key.
In short: fruit trees winter shears should be trimmed by trees, shaped with trees, tangible and invisible, invisible and indiscriminate. After winter shearing, they will not be covered, and the left and right will not cross. Open the chest to meet the sun, see the sun on the branches and leaves, and don't cut the big kill.
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