Amaranth is a perennial herb of the family Liliaceae. It is native to the western part of Yazhou and has a long history of cultivation. It is widely cultivated throughout the country. It is a kind of mass-consumption vegetable, especially the soft-cultivated yellow bud (ie, yellow) is a treasure in the dish. Both nutrition and economic value are high, and some regions have formed large-scale, specialized commodity production.
Amaranth is very strong in regeneration and tillering. It can be rooted for many years and harvested many times. Its young leaves, amaranth, and leeks are all fresh or processed products. Amaranth has strong cold tolerance and wide adaptability. It can be used for annual seasons in most areas of Yunnan. With the improvement of people's living standards and the demand for export, the production and consumption of Huangye amaranth is increasing day by day, and it is required to meet the standards of pollution-free green food.
First, the breeding method can be propagated with seeds, or it can be propagated by ramets. After the ramets are dug up, the old roots and the upper leaves are cut off. After the wounds are healed, they are planted at a certain plant spacing. Although this method can eliminate the seedling raising procedure, due to the long perennial age, the plant grows weaker and has fewer tillers, so the seed reproduction is still dominant.
For seed propagation, first select the varieties of rhubarb, Pingyi No. 2, 791, and Xueyan No. 4, which are rich in disease resistance, and scald with warm water of about 55 °C before sowing, then soak them in warm water for 12 hours, then at 20-25. The germination is carried out for 2 to 3 days under the temperature condition of °C, and the seed can be germinated after the seed is germinated. The sowing season can be broadcasted before and after the horror to the Qingming period. The seedbed should be loosely fertile and well-drained loam or sandy loam. The base fertilizer should be used to make sorghum. About 300 grams per acre of sowing seeds can be planted in an acre.
Second, the selected planting of leeks is a perennial perennial plant, but if you do not pay attention to the rotation, the continuous cropping period is too long, the pests and diseases are serious, and the plants are poorly grown. Therefore, it should be promoted to properly rotate the aquatic crops such as melons and lotus roots for water and drought rotation. After the current harvest, it will be deep-turned and applied with 3000-4000 kg of fully-fertilized farmyard manure and 30 kg of compound fertilizer. When the seedlings are 18 to 20 cm high, they can be planted or planted according to the plant spacing of 30 to 40 cm.
Third, the field management after planting and living, according to soil moisture and plant growth, cultivating weeding, timely irrigation, topdressing. Top dressing can be poured with rare manure or urea and water. In order to make the new planting leek grow vigorously and accumulate more nutrients, the planting is generally not harvested in the same year, and the next year when the leek is 25 to 30 cm high, it can be harvested.
Fourth, the shading softens the traditional yellow bud sputum, there are horse manure, straw, crop straw weeds and other materials, but the yellow husk is poor in commodity and unsanitary. Nowadays, the arch shed is generally used as a cover for weeds, leaves and black membranes. The height of the arch shed is 60-70 cm. Before planting the leeks, remove the eucalyptus leaves from the ground above 10 cm, and leave the leeks at about 15 cm. After the wounds are healed, fully water, topdress and then cover with weeds, straws, and stalks. According to the light, if the covering material is small, a black plastic film can be added on the surface to reduce the weight and keep warm in winter. The temperature in the shed is kept at 15 ~ 20 ° C, more than 25 ° C to release air and cool down. Generally, it can be harvested in 20 to 30 days in summer and autumn, and 40 to 50 days in winter and spring. A piece of leek on the ground can only be smashed 1 or 2 times a year.
After harvesting the yellow buds, remove the cover and loosen the rhizosphere soil. After the new leaves are issued, timely watering, topdressing, and soil cultivation to restore the amaranth vitality will lay the foundation for the next high yield of leeks.
In the application of fertilizers for pollution-free leeks, farmyard manure should be added to prevent unfertilized human excrement and nitrate-nitrogen fertilizer.
V. Pest Control
The disease is seriously afflicted with pseudo stems and bulbs, and the flower moss is also infected. It is dark green water-immersed lesions and is a fungal disease. Attention to rotation and drainage, the agent can be rooted or sprayed with a frosting copper wettable 600 times solution or 60% ethyl phosphorus aluminum 600 times solution.
Rust can be sprayed with 15% triazolium 2000 times solution or 25% powder rust 1000-1500 times solution.
Gray mold is mainly harmful to the leaves, and can be controlled by 65% ​​metalaxyl 1000 times liquid and 50% speeding 1500 times liquid.
40% of the locusts are treated with 1000 times of Le Dai emulsifiable concentrate and 50% of anti-Polygon 1500 times.
éŸè›† Spray or irrigate with pyrethroid pesticides, or use 40% phoxim.
No matter which pesticide is used, it must be used according to the concentration and method of the instructions, and it is forbidden to use it 10 to 15 days before harvesting.
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