The suitable growth environment of grape root system is closely related to soil nutrient. Soil nutrient can create good water and nutrient conditions for the growth of the above-ground part of the plant. Recently, Liu Cunshou, associate professor at the College of Resources and Environment of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, reminded the management process of the fruit grower in the vineyard. In order to improve and increase soil fertility, measures such as cultivating cultivars, planting grass, and covering stalks should be strengthened.
The cultivator repeats the weeding process from the time the grapes are sprouted to the deciduous grapes. At present, the cultivator of the grape has basically been mechanized, and small and medium-sized rotary cultivators are used for intertilling between the rows of grapes, and a small amount of artificially removed weeds can be used on the rows of grapes. Doing so can achieve the purpose of soil loosening, soil conservation, and weed control. At the same time, soil temperature can be adjusted to prevent soil compaction and improve the permeability of surface soil. Organic fertilizer should be applied as far as possible before each rotary tillage to supplement the soil organic matter caused by long-term cultivating. Decline.
Grass cultivation involves natural grass growing or natural planting on the rows of vineyards. Every year, it is cut regularly and covered or buried in place. The garden soil is not cultivated or partially cultivated. Natural grasses do not need to be planted by hand. They do not require weeding and seedling maintenance, and they do not require fertilization and irrigation. Therefore, they are the first choice for grass cultivation in production. Grass species commonly used for artificial grasses include wolfberry, ryegrass, oat grass, and white clover. On the rows of grapes, clear tillage or grass-covered belts are to be left, and grasses are to be used between rows. If sowing is a perennial grass species, after three years of sowing, one should plow or spin one time to eliminate the soil compaction caused by long-term weeding.
Covering straw mulch to cover organic matter such as grass or straw is a new form of vineyard management in recent years. Wheat straw and corn stalks are commonly used in the northern regions. The vineyards cultivated on the fence are covered with rows. The vineyards on the scaffolding are covered with tree trays and then covered with soil to prevent the wind from being blown away. After covering for 2 to 3 consecutive years, all the coverings can be turned into the soil to prevent the roots from floating after successive years of coverage.
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