Maize is one of the main food crops in Yinzhou District of Hengshui City, Hebei Province. The experts of the modern agricultural industrial technology system of the province have summed up a set of high-yield and high-efficiency simplified cultivation techniques for summer maize, and created a high-yield demonstration party in Yinzhou District for two consecutive years. this integrated technology, exemplary square field cultivation than the average increase of 5% or more. The technical points are now introduced as follows:
First, no-till live
Abandon the old way of watering and then planting after the wheat harvest in the past, using the wheat-free iron shovel no-till live broadcast mode. Live broadcast can greatly increase mechanized operation and save a lot of labor; second, it can miss the high-sensitivity period of corn rough disease and greatly reduce its incidence rate; third, it can significantly increase corn density and panicle number, improve group uniformity, and thus increase Corn production.
Second, the selection of fine seed coating sowing
Variety requires compact plant shape, dense planting, no lodging, no empty stalk, no baldness, strong disease resistance, and can choose corn varieties with stable yield and high yield potential such as Denghai 605, Qiangsheng 369, Xianyu 335 and Nongda 372. Seeds are selected before sowing, and small and broken grains are removed, and full-sized seeds of uniform size are selected. Coating with multi-functional seed coating can not only prevent underground pests, but also reduce the damage of corn rough disease and smut, and promote the growth and development of corn.
Third, clear ridge fine broadcast
After the wheat is harvested, the no-till live broadcast will be carried out on June 10-20. The wheat seedlings were used for clearing and ridge fertilization and no-tillage precision seeding machine for seeding and sowing. Control the sowing speed during sowing to ensure the appropriate density: design density is 60 cm line spacing, plant spacing 22 to 23 cm, 4500 to 4800 per 667 square meters (1 mu), requiring uniform walking speed, planting 1666-2000 square meters per hour . The planter separates the straw from the corn ridge to form a seedling belt, which can prevent the two-point leaf moth from being killed in the seedling stage. Sprinkle watering at the right time after sowing, saving time compared to watering before sowing is also conducive to seedlings and even seedlings. The clearing and mulching method shortens the time of sowing operation, makes full use of light and heat resources, and prolongs the growth time of corn.
Fourth, heavy application of base fertilizer
Summer maize has a short growth period, and the seedling stage is in a hot and rainy season. It grows fast and requires a large amount of fertilizer. The one-time application of the base fertilizer not only saves labor but also promotes early seedling growth, accelerates growth, advances the silking in advance, and increases the number of grains per grain and grouting. Time has created conditions for increasing production. The base fertilizer is 40 kg of corn compound fertilizer per 667 square meters, 10-20 kg of granular organic fertilizer, 1.2 kg of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate. This is not only a measure to increase production, but also a simplified cultivation method due to the ease of fertilization.
5. Chemical weeding
Summer corn growing season is hot and rainy, weeds grow, if the cultivator is easy to cause mechanical damage to the corn. When the soil moisture is suitable before the emergence of the corn, the chemical herbicide is applied once, which can reduce the artificial weeding 2 to 3 times. Generally, 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate or 40% acetamidine suspension agent is used for 130-180 ml per 667 square meters, and the ground is closed and weeded by spraying the ground evenly with water of 35-50 kg. After emergence, the weeding should be carried out in the 3 to 5 leaf stage with 4% nicosulfuron suspension in 80% of water for 40 to 50 kg per 667 square meters, and spray the stems and leaves. Pay attention to the wind direction and do not spray on the crops.
6. Pest control prevention and advancement, pesticide reduction
Multifunction ridge sowing seed coating and clear can control seedling pests, reducing the number of drugs and dose, jointing artificial spray a second plant growth regulator chemical control, prevent flourishing late lodging. Heading stage a variety of pests Sheng period, the appropriate use of corn pest prevention and control of integrated technology advances, namely general medicine in corn 1 large bell prevent a variety of diseases and pests in the late, late earworm base to reduce, alleviate disease popularity and increase production. At the beginning of August, 30 to 35 milliliters of 25% pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate and 40 to 45 milliliters of imidacloprid emulsifiable concentrate per 667 square meters were mixed with 35 to 55 kilograms of water, and plant protection drones were used for flying defense (ie, aircraft spraying pesticides. aerial control costs 11 yuan per 667 square meters, while the manual spraying to be 20 yuan).
Seven, timely receipt
Corn is generally about 55 days after pollination, the grain milk line disappears, and the black layer appears best when harvested. For every one day postponed harvest, 667 square meters can increase production by 5 kilograms. Therefore, under the premise of not affecting the suitable sowing of lower glutinous wheat, the corn filling time should be fully extended, the harvest should be postponed, the quality of corn should be improved, and the grain weight should be increased to increase corn yield. . The harvesting corn combine harvester completes the steps of cutting the stalk, picking the ear and chopping the stems and leaves at one time, which not only improves the harvesting speed, but also achieves the purpose of returning the straw to the field for fertility.
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Inspection principle:
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Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.jilinsinoscience.com