Strengthening the spring management of strawberries can make strawberries grow vigorously, have early results, and have excellent quality. It is the key to capturing high yield. The main measures are:
1 Uncovering the film and refining the seedlings with the temperature rise, the cover of the wintering and cold protection should be gradually removed. The day when the average temperature stabilized at around 10 °C began to be removed. Before removing the cover, it is necessary to do a good job of refining the seedlings so that they can gradually adapt to the external environment, so as not to suddenly change the ambient temperature, so that the temperature difference is too large, affecting the normal growth and development of strawberries.
2 After cultivating the soil, it is necessary to carry out cultivating loose soil and weeding in time to promote the growth of strawberries and eliminate grass damage. The cultivating should be shallow, to avoid hurting the roots and the clods. At the same time, cultivating should be combined with clearing the ditch to prevent waterlogging and reduce soil moisture to ensure the normal growth of strawberries. After cutting off the old leaves and starting to grow, it is necessary to cut off the old leaves and diseased leaves in time to improve the ventilation and light transmission between the plants and reduce the humidity in the field. The cut leaves should be taken out of the field and concentrated and fertilized to reduce the source of the disease and prevent the infection.
3 timely dressing of strawberry after a winter dormancy, in the spring with the increase of temperature began to gradually accelerate the growth, in order to increase the number of effective flowers, increase the fruit set rate, it is necessary to timely apply the fertilizer and flower fertilizer. Because the strawberry root system is shallow, it is sensitive to the reaction of fertilizer. It is not suitable to apply fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulfate. Urea and compound fertilizer should be mainly used. It is advisable to use 10-15 kg of urea per acre or 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer. The pre-flower fertilizer is applied before flowering in mid-April, and 10 kg of compound fertilizer per acre. In addition, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed 2 to 3 times on the leaf surface during the flowering period, and the yield increase effect was good.
4 Reasonable irrigation of strawberries has high requirements for water. In humid areas, short-term drought will also reduce production. Therefore, it is necessary to combine irrigation and drought resistance while topdressing. Usually it is poured once before the bud, and the fruit is swollen to maturity, and the water should be supplied in time according to the field sensation. Every time the amount of irrigation should be appropriate, it must not be flooded. When the soil moisture content is too much, the aeration is poor, which will directly affect the growth and development of the root system. Moreover, the surface moisture is too large, and it is easy to breed diseases. Especially when the fruit is over-grown during the ripening period or affected by the rainy season, it will reduce the sugar content of the fruit and is easy to rotten. . Therefore, the irrigation should be timely drained during the rainy season and the rainy season to prevent waterlogging.
5 The flowers of the first flower on the strawberry flower inflorescence are good, the fruit is large and mature early; the late flower often cannot form fruit and become an ineffective flower, even if some can form fruit, it is too small to be ineffective. Therefore, after the strawberry is bud, the thin flower buds should be removed to reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that the nutrients are concentrated to the first flower buds, and the fruits are large, tidy, mature and good in quality. Generally, when the flower buds are separated from each other and are easily removed, 20% - 25% of the late weak flower buds are removed.
6 Controlling pests and diseases Because strawberry plants grow on the ground and have long flowering results, the fruits are easy to contact with the ground, and the most susceptible to disease when the field is humid. Therefore, in the rainy season, it is necessary to do a good job of clearing the ditch and spraying, and spraying the chemical protection in time. For fungal diseases such as gray mold, leaf spot, verticillium, blight, powdery mildew, etc., Bordeaux mixture, green milk copper, green debao, daisen zinc, methyl thiophanate, anti-mildew, Spraying prevention of carbendazim and other drugs, especially after the onset of the disease, should be applied in time to control the disease in the initial period. Viral diseases are mainly transmitted by aphids, and attention should be paid to the control of aphids. In addition, for underground pests such as tigers, crickets, and crickets, 1000-1500 times of phoxim solution can be used to water the poison, and the spider mites can be sprayed with drugs such as gram scorpion and gram, pay attention to fruit ripening. Chemical pesticides are prohibited from being used to ensure safe consumption.
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