New technology can "illuminate" the inside of the mouse brain

New technology can "illuminate" the inside of the mouse brain

February 12, 2019 Source: Science and Technology Daily Author: Zhang Meng Ran

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According to a recent study published by the British journal Nature, Japanese scientists used a technique called CUBIC-X to map a mouse brain that not only makes the tissue transparent like glass, but also expands it. Ten times its original size. This new achievement provides an unprecedented opportunity for humans to spy on the internal operations of biological systems.

Neuroscience has a high demand for tissue removal techniques because, in actual research, it is often impossible to track the axons and dendrites in the brain. It has traditionally been the practice of scientists to continuously image a labeled brain tissue slice and then reconstruct it by computer. However, its shortcomings are also very prominent - the process is too slow. In general, it takes several weeks to use a microscope to image the circuits in the mouse brain, and the quality of the map is determined by the quality of the input data.

In recent years, it has been an ideal way to “transparently” the organization and then fully image it, but this will be accompanied by advances in molecular reagents, genetic strategies, and imaging techniques. Therefore, it is desirable to “illuminate” The inside of the brain is very difficult.

This time, Ueda Taiji, led by the RIKEN Biosystems Dynamics Research Center in Japan, used a chemical method to mark each cell in the brain, "transparent" the brain, and at the same time expand its size by 10 times. The team also used precision imaging to reconstruct neurons in three dimensions, totaling approximately 72 million cells. The maps they obtained narrowed the brain into a compact database of cell locations that could examine specific changes in different brain regions.

Researchers say the application of such methods is expanding, and CUBIC-X technology is one of them. This type of technology removes tissue from the body, making the otherwise opaque tissue transparent; it also scales the tissue while removing tissue, allowing more detail to be exposed to conventional microscopes. Its use of ready-made chemicals opens the door for scientists to observe not only the brain but also any other organ.

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