1, disease symptoms The disease can be at the seedling stage, adult stage disease can be. It can damage leaves, stems, flowers and fruits. The onset of seedling stage started from the upper part of the seedling or the previously damaged part. The diseased part was gray-brown and rotted, and the surface was covered with a gray moldy layer. The adult plant stage starts from the tips of the leaves and leaves, and develops into a ∨-shaped shape in the leaves. Initially, it was a water-stained necrotic spot, light brown, and when the humidity was high, the lesion quickly developed into an irregular shape, with large lesions of dark and light colors such as scallops, and gray mold on the surface. The flowering period bacteria invade from the open calyx or torus, and gradually develop into fruit, making the fruit pedicle appear water-stained gray soft rot, and produce gray mold layer. When the fruit is swollen, the pathogens invade along the residual stigma or from the umbilicus. At the beginning of the depression, the small black spots gradually developed into water stains, expanded, rotted, and had a gray mold layer, resulting in shedding of diseased fruit.
2, the incidence of pathogenic bacteria belonging to ash botrytis. The fungus has strong resistance to stress and can survive at 0-42°C. The optimum temperature is about 20°C and the relative humidity is over 90%. When the temperature is below 4°C and above 30°C, the disease ceases to develop. The pathogens adhere to the sick body with mycelium or conidia or overwinter in the soil with sclerotia. It is transmitted through air currents, rainwater, and agricultural operations. Low temperature and high humidity are the main conditions for the onset of disease, and humidity is the key to the onset. There are more than 6 hours of condensation in the field and the disease is endemic. When the field temperature is above 15°C and the relative humidity is 80%, it will develop; when the temperature is around 20°C and the relative humidity is above 95%, the gray mold will occur seriously. The planting density in the field is too large, grows vigorously, shades, even in cloudy days, lack of light, lack of timely ventilation, high humidity, long dew condensation time, and severe disease.
3, prevention and control methods to grasp the flowering period and fruit expansion period two key period of prevention and treatment, can obtain the provincial labor, provincial drug effect. 1 Clean the garden, remove old leaves, diseased leaves, diseased flowers, and diseased fruits in a timely manner, completely remove field sickness, and bring them out of the field. 2 Seedbed soil was disinfected, and the old bed soil was sowed with 50% thiram. Use 1-1.5 kg per mu. It is also possible to spray the soil with 50% thiram 400x or 50% fluocin 1000x during the preparation time. 3 Strengthen field management, regulate the temperature and humidity in the shed, and keep warm, wet, and airy. In the morning, try to keep it above 30°C. In the afternoon, increase the air release, reduce the humidity, and appropriately increase the temperature of the greenhouse at night to avoid condensation on the foliage. 4 Chemical control, when tomato spirit or 2,4-D is used for flowering, add 0.3% of fast-acting or acetaminophen to prevent botrytis. In the early stage of the disease, it was sprayed with 50% Sucrose 1500 times solution or 50% Propionin 1000 times solution and 50% Carbendazim 500 times solution. During fruit enlargement, spray with 65% metalaxyl or 50% polymyxin 1000 times, once every 5-7 days, spray 2-3 times. Rainy days can be used quick smoke agent or dust agent, neither increase the humidity, but also cure.
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