Rice-fish farming has a long history in China and is one of the main methods for freshwater fish breeding in China. In recent years, with the promotion and application of no-tillage seedling cultivation techniques and insect trap prevention techniques, the "rice-light-fish" ecological seeding pattern has been welcomed by the majority of farmers. It has a low investment, quick effect, no pollution, good efficiency, and has broad prospects for development. I. Construction of fish-raising rice fields (1) The selection of rice fields requires selection of paddy fields with good water source conditions, no pollution, convenient drainage and irrigation, and a deeper tillage layer. Shallow cultivated fields and spilled fields should not be used. (II) Heightening and Reinforcement of Tianye Fish Farming The surrounding ridges of rice fields must be raised and widened with excavated fish ditch and lower hard soil below the puddle before plowing. Tian Hao should be tamper-tight, to prevent leaks and escape fish. (3) Excavating the fish ditch and fish pit to excavate the ring field fish ditch at a distance of 80 to 100 cm from the paddy field around the fish paddy field, and excavating the “10†and “well†according to the size and shape of the field block. The "meat"-shaped center fish ditch has a fish ditch with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 40 cm. The fish pit should be located at Tianbian and Tianjiao near the water inlet, or it can be located in the center of the field. It has a depth of 100 to 120 cm and an area of ​​more than 5 square meters (depending on the fish production requirement). Fish ditch and fish pit should be connected. (d) To prevent fish from catching fish traps, fish traps must be installed at the inlet and outlet before stocking. (e) Disinfection and fertilization In winter and spring farming season, excavation is good for fish ditch and fish pit. The old fish ditch and fish pit have to be renovated. Before stocking, 30 kg of lime per acre was applied for disinfection. One week later, sufficient water was poured and 300 kg of decomposed manure was applied to fertilize the water. After 4 to 5 days, the fingerlings were ready for feeding. Second, stocking and management of fish species (A) fish stocking 1, stocking species Rice cultivation of fish is mainly to raise the Chinese wolfberry, grass carp, carp and pond angle fish. You can also choose other species depending on your local conditions. 2. The stocking time can be restocked before being thrown, but it is better to put the bigger fish species after the seedlings return to green. 3, the number of stocking should be based on the size of the fish pit, the ecological conditions of rice fields, the use of paddy field natural food extensive breeding or feeding intensive breeding, and the size of fish species and production requirements to determine the number of fish stocking. In general, 200 to 800 large-species fish species with 8 to 15 cm in size can be stocked per acre of paddy field. Carp, carp and grass carp polyculture, the number of extensive breeding stocks smaller, the proportion of grass carp larger, more than half; Fertilizer paddy fields, intensive carp, squid, the proportion of more than 70%; can also be a single raising. According to Guilin, Yulin and other places in Guangxi, it is known that the production of Aegilops brevis has high yield and good economic benefits. 4. Attentions Firstly, it is necessary to pay attention to adapting the fish species to the temperature of the field water; secondly, to timely inject new water when fish species do not adapt; thirdly, to disinfect the fish and place the fish species in a salt water of 3% to 5%. In the disinfection of 5 to 10 minutes and then restocking; four is to check the water intake and fish control facilities. (II) Feeding management 1. Feeding of natural foods such as weeds, insects, plankton, benthic animals, etc., in paddy fields is available for fish. Each mu can form about 20 kilograms of natural fish, which should be more than 50 kilograms per mu. Yield, feed must be fed. The commonly used baits are tender grass, water grass, duckweed, lettuce, bran and compound pellet feed. Feeding should be fixed, timed, quantified, and adjusted according to feeding conditions. 2. Regulate water level and water quality Pipe the water in rice fields according to the needs of rice and fish, regulate water quality through row, irrigation, and application of lime to meet the needs of rice and fish. 3, prevention and treatment of fish diseases should be based on prevention, prevention and control. Do a good job of disinfecting rice fields, fish ditch, fish pits, and fish species, and ensure good water quality. 4, the safety of summer to clean up fish ditch, silt mud, to ensure a certain depth. The aquatic plants such as duckweed are stocked in fish pits. In addition to the drainage of rice, a certain level of rice paddies should be maintained. III. Cultivation and management of rice (I) Variety selection Compared with common paddy fields, paddy fields have strong fertility. Rice varieties should be selected for high-yield varieties with strong fertility, deep water resistance, lodging resistance and strong adaptability. (b) No-tillage and seedling planting To ensure that rice yield is not affected or correspondingly improved, the fish farming paddy field must use a strong scorpion agent to cultivate the strong scorpion, 3.5 to 4.5 leaves, timely throwing hoe, appropriate than the regular plough throwing hoe to increase the toss.秧 Increase the throwing density (10%). (3) Fertilization Techniques Rational fertilization in paddy fields can not only meet the needs of rice growth for fertilizers, but also increase the amount of feed biomass in paddy fields and provide feed protection for fish growth. Fertilizer is mainly based on basal fertilizer supplemented by topdressing; organic fertilizer is mainly used, supplemented by chemical fertilizer. Base fertilizer should account for 70% to 80%. Top dressing should be controlled for each dose, ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate should be prohibited, biological fertilizers and compound fertilizers should be encouraged, and root fertilizer should be sprayed. Avoid hot weather during fertilization, and use fish as much as possible to focus on fish ditch and fish pits. Never apply chemical fertilizer directly to fish ditch or fish pit. (D) The first one is often to clear the fish ditch and fish pit; the second is to maintain the fishery water level in the paddy field; the third is to control the deep water control; the fourth is to add new water to improve the water quality. (5) After comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases in rice paddies, the pests and diseases of rice are significantly reduced. In particular, the use of insect traps does not generally require the use of pesticides. If you really need to use drugs, you must use low-toxicity drugs that have little harm to fish and control the dosage. Deepen field water before spraying, change water after spraying and keep deep water level.
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