White dew is a water droplet that is formed by condensation of water vapor on the ground or near-earth objects. Therefore, white dew indicates that the weather has turned cold. As the saying goes: "A cold autumn rains, cotton wears in ten autumn rains." The white dew rains gradually decrease, the weather is sunny, the sunshine is sufficient, the climate is mild, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is very suitable for the growth of various vegetable crops. It is necessary to seize the favorable opportunity, plant a good management of autumn and winter, and vegetables for autumn and winter, and do a good job of vegetable breeding for wintering and protection.
Autumn broadcast Chinese cabbage pay attention to pests and diseases
The autumn-sown cabbage is in the rosette period, and the early-selling cabbage has reached the center of the package. The Chinese cabbage should be cultivated and soiled and weeded. After the end of the seedling, watering and topdressing can be started. Topdressing method, each application of 300 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per acre or 20 kg of NPK ternary compound fertilizer; it can also adopt the method of topdressing with water, topdressing NPK total liquid fertilizer per mu 8-10 kg The cabbage is mainly used for watering and topdressing to promote the heart and growth. The interval between watering should be mastered according to soil quality, weather conditions and plant growth, but the amount of watering should not be too much. The rosette period is a period in which more pests and diseases occur, and it is important to prevent viral diseases, downy mildew, black rot, and pests such as aphids and green worms. Strengthen the field inspection of the disease and find that the central disease plant is timely prevented. Most of the larvae are nocturnal moth pests. They hide in the daytime and come out at night. If the spraying is not effective during the day, it should be effective when the night or morning dew is not dry. In recent years, some dry heart disease has occurred in some plots. It is necessary to control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and rationally water the water, especially from the rosette period to the early stage of ball formation.
Radish and carrot focus on water management
All kinds of radish have been transferred from the leaf growth period to the broken belly period and the fleshy root growth period. The water management in these two stages is different. In the leaf growth period, the watering should be controlled mainly. If the water is prematurely watered, the leaves will be promoted. Growth is too strong and affects the growth of rhizomes. In the broken belly period, it is indicated that the roots should be transferred to the rhizome growth season, watering should be timely, and the soil should be kept moist, so that the rhizome can grow well. If the bottom fertilizer is applied adequately, there is no need for topdressing. At the same time, weeding and weeding and timely control of aphids and cabbage caterpillars Waiting for pests to work. Carrots are still in the growth stage of the leaves. It is necessary to control the watering. If there is no rain for many days, when the soil is dry and the plants grow slowly, a small amount of water can be poured. The main tasks are cultivating and weeding and controlling locusts.
Autumn and winter greenhouse crops ensure planting quality
Warm greenhouses such as tomatoes, eggplants and sweet peppers can still be planted in solar greenhouses with good heat preservation. It is necessary to deduct the shed film in advance, disinfect the shed and soil, apply the organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer, and apply more than 5,000 kilograms of fully decomposed and finely divided high-quality organic fertilizer per acre; apply fertilizer and fine soil preparation 10-15 days in advance. To achieve ploughing, leveling, no light and dark; to make sorghum or ridge high sorghum 15-20 cm above the ground, ridge high sorghum suitable for sheds without drip irrigation facilities, dig a V-shaped watering ditch in the middle of the raft It is convenient to take the watering method under the film under the film in winter. To ensure the quality of planting, choose the seedlings with uniform growth and uniform size, and the requirements are suitable for the depth and density. The average tomato variety is about 3000 per mu, and the cherry tomato variety is 2200. Each plant is planted with 2-4 plants for supplementation. . Due to the high temperature, it is better to plant in the sunny afternoon, and water is poured in time.
The mulch soil shed will be re-casted with 3-5 days after planting, and timely cultivating loose soil to promote slow seedlings.
Overwintering, warming crops, catching seedlings
Tomatoes, peppers, eggplants and other crops that have been warmed up in the solar greenhouse for wintering are seeded in mid-September. Greenhouse cucumbers and zucchini with medium heat preservation performance are seeded in early September; greenhouse cucumbers and zucchini with good heat preservation performance are seeded in late September. It is an excellent variety with good cold resistance, low temperature and low light resistance, and strong ability to continuously produce fruit under low temperature and low light conditions. Cucumber can be selected as "Zhongnong 26"; eggplant should be selected as "early-cooked Jingjiao No.6"; the western gourd can be selected from "Gyeonggi 12" or "Gyeonggi 36" varieties. Take 50 or 72 holes of plastic plug seedlings, prepare the substrate with peat, vermiculite and perlite, or purchase a prepared special matrix. Do a good job in seed treatment and prevention of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease. Cucumber adopts the method of grafting and seedling raising. It is best to use the de-wax powder and the good-quality “Bei Nongliang anvil†brown seed pumpkin as the grafting rootstock.
Open field fast-growing leafy vegetables
Can be planted rapeseed, spinach, sage, coriander, oil wheat, fennel and cherry radish, small water radish and other fast-growing vegetable crops, harvested in the late September to early October to meet the market demand before and after the National Day. It is necessary to finely level the ground, evenly sow it, and cover the depth of the soil to ensure the soil moisture required for emergence.
Management and harvesting of autumn greenhouse vegetables
Cucumbers have been harvested in autumn greenhouses. Tomatoes are in fruiting period and fruit expansion period. Eggplants and peppers cultivated in summer are also in fruit harvesting period. Field management should be strengthened to promote the planting of fruit with high commodity rate. City Agricultural Technology Promotion Station Cao Hua
◆Adjust the appropriate temperature, light and humidity. Suitable temperature for tomato and other warm vegetables is 23°C-28°C during the day and 15°C-18°C during the night. The warm temperature of celery and other vegetables is 20°C-22°C during the day. °C-12 °C; the sunshade net does not have to be covered, so that the crops can increase the light as much as possible; the indoor air humidity is adjusted according to different crops, the sweet pepper, cucumber and leafy vegetables are 60%-85%; the tomato and eggplant are 45%-55%. .
â—† Pruning and smashing remove old leaves, yellow leaves and side branches in time, which is beneficial to ventilation and light transmission and plant results. When the tomato grows to the predetermined ear, it will pick up the heart early, generally leaving 3-4 ears of fruit. Cucumbers, pumpkins, etc. should be wrapped around the vines and vines to prolong the growth of the plants.
â—† Fruit management Tomato and eggplant can be supplemented by bumblebee or concussion pollinator to increase the fruit setting rate; when using sprayer or scented flower, it is safe to use crops such as “Focus 2†and “Fructusâ€. Deformed fruit products. Also remove the excess fruit in time.
◆Scientific watering and topdressing should be watered and topdressed according to weather conditions, soil conditions and plant growth to meet the needs of growth and development. The water and fertilizer integration technology should be vigorously promoted to apply instant nutrition and reasonable proportion of “Christmas tree†with drip irrigation. Fertilizer is appropriate. The ratio of fertilization of different crops should be different. During the fruit expansion period of tomato, the high-potassium instant fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 16:8:34 should be applied 5-8 kg per mu.
â—† Pest control should especially prevent the occurrence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease, and the door and the air outlet should be sealed with 50 mesh insect nets to control the damage of tobacco powder. Close the tuyere in time after the rain and when the temperature is low, to avoid the formation of low temperature and high humidity environment, to prevent the occurrence of tomato late blight and cucumber downy mildew.
â—† Timely harvesting to prevent fruit from falling in the early morning on sunny days, to improve the quality of the renovation, improve the quality of the renovation, and sell the fruits separately to increase the value of the goods.
Open field beans and cowpeas harvested in time
In the autumn, the beans and cowpeas are harvested at the peak of the harvest period. They should be harvested in time for the best commodity period. Because the plants are flourishing, the weather is dry, and the water evaporation is large, watering and topdressing management should be done well. once. We must also do a good job in the prevention and control of pests such as mites, pea pods, and rust.
Autumn sowing winter garlic
Autumn sowing winter garlic is sown in mid-September, and you should choose a variety of purple garlic with good quality and flavor. Fertilize the land in advance, pay attention to the application of fully decomposed and finely divided organic fertilizer, fine soil preparation; uniform sowing, uniform depth, suitable for thick soil covering, timely watering after sowing.
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