1 Maintenance and maintenance of the shed frame
Since the greenhouse is in high temperature and high humidity environment all year round, the anti-corrosion ability of load-bearing parts has become one of the important factors affecting the service life of the greenhouse. Therefore, the main skeleton of the greenhouse needs to be maintained regularly.
1.1 Metal skeleton
â‘ For the skeleton connected by bolts, the tightness of the bolts should be checked frequently to prevent the bolts from loosening due to frequent use. The welding skeleton should be checked for cracks in the solder joints. Once found, repair welding should be done immediately. For some metal components that have not been galvanized, anti-rust paint can be applied regularly to extend the life of the structure.
â‘¡The convex part of the steel frame or the whole frame is wrapped with cloth to prevent the shed film from being worn out. The method is to use waste cloth strips or non-woven cloth strips to wrap it around all the steel pipe supports in the greenhouse, to separate the steel pipe from the shed film to avoid contact between the shed film and the steel pipe, and at the same time to bind and fix the cloth strips with nylon ropes to avoid the cloth strips Falling off; its role is to prevent friction and damage to the film, and the second is that the steel tube will not be exposed to direct sunlight and cause the temperature to be too high to avoid the danger of the film being scalded, wrinkled or broken.
1.2 Bamboo wood skeleton
Because of the high humidity and high temperature in the greenhouse, it is easy to mold and rot the wooden skeleton, which reduces the bearing capacity and is prone to breakage. Therefore, anti-corrosion treatment should be carried out before use, and regular inspection and maintenance should be carried out during use. The situation should be strengthened immediately. And it is strictly forbidden for the fire source to be close to the frame, so as to avoid fire and damage.
1.3 Columns in the greenhouse
In the greenhouse, the main function of the column is to support the arch to prevent its bending. Restricted by the construction of the greenhouse, once the column in the shed is broken, it is more difficult to replace the column. Therefore, we suggest that if the column is only slightly broken, a short reinforced column can be added to its side for maintenance. In addition, for column-free greenhouses, as its service life increases, the framework of such greenhouses is prone to deformation. It is recommended to add columns at corresponding positions in the shed to support the deformed framework.
In addition, after the greenhouse has been used for one season, the wheat straw and straw on the roof will inevitably rot, and the walls will also be eroded or even collapsed. They must be repaired in time to avoid greater damage to the greenhouse. The rotted and sunken back roof should be replaced with wheat straw and straw in time to prevent the wall from collapsing caused by rainwater in summer. For the denuded wall, it is necessary to repair and plaster the wall. If possible, use a mixture of white ash plaster and straw to cover the wall to prevent rain, and it can also reflect light and kill bacteria.
2 Maintenance and maintenance of auxiliary facilities
2.1 Maintenance of rolling machine
After a winter of use, the roller shutter machine can be repaired and maintained when it is idle in summer. Check the operation of each transmission part, if it affects the use, it should be replaced in time; check the tightness of each fastener, and tighten it in time if it is loose. In summer, there are relatively more rains. The roller shutter machine should be covered to prevent the sun and rain, avoid rust, and add lubricating oil to the transmission part of the main engine to prolong the service life.
2.2 Maintenance of greenhouse film
â‘ It is difficult to avoid the damage of the shed film under regular use, but it should be repaired in time. The repair method can be to use transparent tape to bond the tear, or use a special coating glue to repair, and you can also cover a layer of new coating once the damage is fixed.
â‘¡Rewind the film at the right time. The polyvinyl chloride drip-free anti-aging film selected for the greenhouse can generally be used for two seasons, and care must be taken to protect it. When the greenhouse is not in use, the shed film should be collected and stored in a cool place in time, and the film should be carefully removed from the greenhouse in time after the previous crop of vegetables is harvested. After removing it, gently scrub it with a soft cloth and soft brush. Do not soak and rub it for a long time. After washing, dry it in a cool and ventilated place and then roll it into a roll for storage. Do not stack them to avoid damage and adhesion. When storing, do not put heavy objects on it and pay attention to rodent prevention.
â‘¢If it is not accepted, the shed film should be covered with non-woven fabrics or sun-shading nets and other sun-proof materials in summer.
2.3 Put away the straw curtain and insulation quilt
Greenhouses generally do not need to cover straw curtains and insulation quilts in May. At this time, the straw curtains or insulation quilts should be put away. Some damaged straw curtains or insulation quilts must be repaired in time, and then aired in a sunny day, rolled up after drying, and stacked in a dry and ventilated place. After stacking, pay attention to inspection, and re-air it if it is found to be damp and moldy. If there is a free house, hide it in a dry place indoors. During the period of non-use, the insulation quilt and straw curtain must be maintained. Only in order to extend the service life and heat preservation, can it reduce the number of times of replacing the heat preservation facilities of the greenhouse, thereby reducing the cost and reducing the loss of farmers.
2.4 Maintenance of irrigation system
The maintenance of the irrigation and fertilization system must first check whether the water supply pipeline is running, leaking, dripping, or leaking, the integrity of the valve, and whether the drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation nozzles fall off and block. Regularly maintain the water treatment system to ensure that the equipment is operating in good condition. At the same time, the maintenance of the power supply and distribution system should be strengthened, and the aging and broken wires should be replaced in time.
3 Soil maintenance
3.1 Clean the countryside in time
â‘ The plant residues after harvest are the hiding places for germs and pests. Therefore, after a crop of vegetables is produced, seedlings should be picked up in time, and fallen leaves and weeds should be cleaned up and transported to a place far away from the solar greenhouse.
â‘¡The mulch film covered during cultivation should be removed in time, and the broken pieces of mulch film should be picked up to avoid polluting the soil.
â‘¢The rope used for hanging the vines should also be untied from the greenhouse, and do not leave it in the greenhouse. The strength of the rope used for hanging vines is greatly reduced after one season, and there are a lot of bacteria, so it is not suitable to be used again.
3.2 Facility disinfection
The non-drip anti-aging film selected for the greenhouse can generally be used for two seasons, and the high temperature and stuffy shed can be carried out on the premise of not closing the shed film. In July and August, use direct sunlight for a long time and high temperature to disinfect the soil. The specific method is: 1000 to 2000 kg of broken rice straw and 30 to 60 kg of quicklime are applied per 667 square meters, and the ground is prepared into a small compartment with a width of 60 to 70 cm and a height of 30 cm. This is mainly to increase the surface area of ​​the ground and increase the ground temperature quickly. Cover the surface of the compartment with old film, and fill the ditch with water until the surface of the compartment is soaked. Cover the greenhouse tightly for more than 7-10 days. Using this method, the surface temperature can reach above 80°C, creating a small environment with high temperature and oxygen deficiency in the room to kill low-temperature aerobic microorganisms and some pests, eggs, and pupae. This kind of disinfection method is because the temperature in the shed is high, and the heat-labile items in the shed should be moved out of the shed.
3.3 Spatial processing
Fume method or dust method is used for space treatment. The smog method is to place 200-250 grams of 40% chlorothalonil smoke agent in the four corners of the greenhouse, light it with a dark fire and fumigate it overnight. For dust law, spray 50% chlorothalonil dust with a powder sprayer. 1 kg per mu each time, and then spray the second time after 5-7 days.
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