Thin-skinned melons are male and female plants of the same sex. The male flowers are unisexual. They can occur in the first section of the main vine, solitary or clustered. The female flowers are female-type bisexual flowers in most varieties, also known as sturdy flowers, and bisexual flowers. The center is a stigma, surrounded by 3-5 stamens, and the petal is yellow, five-lobed, and under normal circumstances some self-pollination rates of melon varieties are above 85%. Therefore, the hybrid seed production of thin-skinned melons must be emasculated. Guarantee the seed's hybridization rate. First, the choice of land, fertilizing thin-skinned melons in the system of farming, should choose sunny slope, with sandy loam is the best to ensure that 8-9 years of rotation. Shinongjiajia 8000kg/667 square meters, potash 30kg, diammonium 20kg. Thin-skinned muskmelon farming is applied to a large ridge to plant two rows of mulching. It is also possible to use high hoe, hoe width 1.5m, and plant two lines. Ridge cultivation, each cultivating two ridges and one ridge, which is conducive to field operations. Second, sowing, nursery seed before sowing treatment, with 1% of potassium permanganate soak 10-15 minutes, remove, and then soak in 30-35 °C warm water for 6-8 hours, and then germination. In order to ensure that the parents of the thin-skinned melons are as consistent as possible during the flowering period, sowing should be carried out in the wrong season. According to the flowering characteristics of different male parents and female parents, the male parents should sow 8-10 days earlier than the female parent. If necessary, the male parent can increase the shed. Protect, increase fertilization, promote growth, and have sufficient male flowers for pollination. The parental ratio is generally 1:20-30, that is, every 20-30 female parent plants a male parent. Live in Heilongjiang in the middle and late May. Plant spacing 35-65cm, 2-3 seeds per hole, conditions can be nursed in mid-April, seedling age about 30 days, pay attention to seedling age not too long. Third, the field management plant 3-4 leaves topping, the mother vine spread to 4-5 leaves when the tip, accelerate the formation of solid flowers. The father took his heart and let it grow. Weeding, pruning should be timely, in order to make the healing of the pruning wound as soon as possible, to avoid the invasion of bacteria from the wound, pruning should be selected in sunny, high temperature, fruit expansion period, swell large water. Fourth, pest and disease prevention and control system of farming in the colonization of the colonization, the colonization of earthworms use carbendazim or wither wilt solution disinfection, growth control attention to powdery mildew, virus disease, kill aphids. Do not use pesticides that are susceptible to phytotoxicity in thin-skinned melons. If plants with blight and virus disease are found in the field, they should be immediately removed to prevent infestation of other healthy plants. 5. Hybrid pollination Female fertilization Castanopsis: In the afternoon 1 day before flowering, hang a red mark on the female parent flower, and then gently pull the flowering crown with a tweezer to remove the stamen (not to damage the stigma). The paper hat is on, and at the same time the male flowers on the female plants are all removed during the bud period. Parent pollen collection: In the afternoon 1 day before flowering, collect the buds on the parent plants, place them in a container, spray a little warm water on them, and cover them with containers. Pollination: On the day of hybridization, as early as 6:00 to 10:00, remove the paper cap on the female parent's flower, remove the father's flower collected on the previous day with tweezers, and apply the pollen on the stamen to the head of the mother's style. Apply evenly to avoid scratching the pistil stigma. Each male flower can grant 3-4 solid flowers. After pollination, put on a paper hat. The size of the hat should be suitable to prevent oversized and easy to fall. . Timely Pollination: Freshly-opened melon flowers are the most energetic, they become weaker after 2 hours, the higher the temperature is, the weaker and the faster. After 10 o'clock, or when the oil-like mucus is present on the mother's stigma, the energy is very poor, so it is necessary to end Pollination, and avoid pollination when oily mucus appears on the stigma of female parent. In order to increase the semen rate of hybrid melons, it can be sprayed on the cucurbits of pollinated melons with 500 times of pollination after pollination, but the concentration should not be too large and the amount should not be too large, so as not to affect the seed collection amount. Sixth, seed collection according to the maturity of the species timely harvesting melons generally 5-7 days later than the normal maturity of the mother melon, the melon melon together with the seeds into plastic bags, plastic barrels, tanks, fermentation 2-3 days, remove Rinse with fresh water (you cannot use metal containers to ferment the seeds so as not to affect the color of the seeds). Wash the seeds on a gauze or tarpaulin and dry them. The water content of the dried seeds should be below 8%. (Harbin North and South Institute of Agricultural Sciences Yanliang Liang)
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