In real life, the author observes and discovers that many agricultural hands are found to be “half-way monksâ€. The level of maintenance technology is low, and artificially reducing the lifespan and safety factor of tractors is indeed worthless. Therefore, after analyzing and summarizing, the author summed up the "10 taboos" of tractor maintenance and hoped to bring useful inspiration and assistance to the majority of agricultural operators.
1. Avoid using screws and bolts to tighten the screws or bolts in important parts such as the tractor transmission case, cylinder head, hub, connecting rods, and front axle. The use of tools and tightening torques are specifically stipulated in the manual. If the screws are tightened manually, they will cause screws. Broken bolts, or thread slips or catches cause malfunctions. Ordinary screws or bolts, the tightening torque can be tightened by 4 times the tightening torque of the thread diameter.
Second, avoid replacement of oil does not clean the oil road Many agricultural operators lack maintenance knowledge or laziness, do not clean the oil when replacing the oil, they buried their own security risks. It should be noted that after the lubricating oil is used, there are many residual mechanical impurities in the oil. Even if the lubricating oil is drained off, impurities still remain in the oil pan and the oil passage. In particular, new or overhauled locomotives have more impurities after commissioning. If they are not clean, they are eager to put them into use. It is very easy to cause accidents such as burning tiles and holding shafts.
Third, avoid do not select the oil according to the season Many agricultural operators do not pay attention to the use of lubricants by season, the use of summer lubricants in winter, the use of winter lubricants in summer, regardless of quality, cheap to buy, resulting in locomotive start difficulties and burn bearings and Other bad phenomenon. It is hoped that the agricultural operator will use lubricating oils that have passed quality inspection and applicable temperature markings.
Fourth, avoid installation of the piston with an open flame heating the various parts of the piston uneven thickness, thermal expansion and contraction are different, easily lead to deformation. If the piston is heated to a certain high temperature with an open flame, the metal structure will be damaged and the wear resistance will be reduced after the natural cooling, and its service life will be greatly shortened.
Fifth, avoid installing butter cylinder pad when many agricultural workers in the installation of cylinder pad habits butter, think that this can increase the tightness of the cylinder, cooked I do not know this approach is just the opposite. Due to the partial loss of butter after high temperature, there is a gap between the cylinder pad, cylinder head and the plane of the machine body. High-temperature and high-pressure gas can easily impact from this place, destroying the cylinder pad and causing air leakage. In addition, the butter will produce carbon deposits at high temperatures for a long time, resulting in premature aging of the cylinder mats.
6. Avoid placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position When some agricultural operators start the locomotive, they are accustomed to placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. This results in too much fuel being injected into the cylinder. The mixture is too concentrated and difficult to start. The scientific positioning of the throttle is: When the temperature is above 15°C, it is slightly higher than the idle speed. When the temperature is below 15°C, the crankshaft should be idle for a few revolutions. When you feel relaxed, start with a small throttle. In addition, do not avoid the throttle, so as not to fluctuate due to the speed, fuel and air mixed unevenly, so that parts such as cylinders produce carbon, or resulting in connecting rod bending, crankshaft fracture and other unexpected failures.
VII. Inadvertently checking and maintaining the new car Some young agricultural operators mistakenly believe that with the development of science and technology, the safety performance of the current locomotive is very reliable. Therefore, after the new car has been bought, the inspection and maintenance will not be carried out seriously except for the trial run, resulting in frequent problems. , regret it. Check the maintenance method is: (1) Check the level 3 air filter oil in the oil pan. (2) Check the tightening of the bolts in each department. (3) Check and adjust the injection pressure. (4) Change the oil in the oil pan, clean the oil pan and the lubricating oil road.
Eight, avoid water tank "open pan" sudden cold water Most farmer knows that the engine overload operation, lack of water tank, poor heat will make the tank "open pot", if you add cold water, due to excessive temperature, will lead to cylinder The lid and cylinder "broken". Therefore, once the farmer finds that the tank “opens the pot,†emergency measures should be taken to ensure that the engine cooling water cools itself.
Nine, avoid rapid increase in labor efficiency Some agricultural machinery operators believe that rapid acceleration can improve labor efficiency, but I do not know how much it is closely related to the amount of fuel consumption. Practice has verified that the locomotive accelerates from the start to moderate speed (30 km/h), and the fuel consumption of rapid acceleration (25 seconds) is approximately equal to twice the fuel consumption of slow acceleration (40-45 seconds). Due to the incomplete combustion of oil during rapid acceleration. The more frequent the start, the greater the difference in fuel consumption, the rapid acceleration of harm and no benefit. Therefore, it is hoped that the farmer will take a low-speed start and then accelerate slowly.
Ten, avoid brake oil, gear oil with oil replacement practice, some agricultural machinery to use oil instead of brake oil, gear oil phenomenon is quite common, resulting in a variety of accidents are not uncommon. It should be noted that the brake fluid is the medium for the transmission of pressure in the hydraulic brake system of the locomotive. The main components are castor oil and alcohols. Their solubility is good, they are not easily precipitated and corroded, they come in contact with the rubber body, and the expansion rate of the rubber body is small. The engine oil does not have these excellent characteristics. If oil is used instead, it will precipitate easily, and the rubber parts of the brake system will swell, which will easily cause brake failure. Compared with gear oils, oils have low viscosity and weak compressive and wear resistance and load resistance. If oil is used instead of gear oil, the transmission gear is not easy to hang on the oil film, and the lubrication effect is deteriorated, which may cause early wear of the transmission gear, resulting in the effective performance of various components, and the degree of damage is incalculable. (From the Friends of the Rich Farmer Xuan Lihua Shao Weixin)
1. Avoid using screws and bolts to tighten the screws or bolts in important parts such as the tractor transmission case, cylinder head, hub, connecting rods, and front axle. The use of tools and tightening torques are specifically stipulated in the manual. If the screws are tightened manually, they will cause screws. Broken bolts, or thread slips or catches cause malfunctions. Ordinary screws or bolts, the tightening torque can be tightened by 4 times the tightening torque of the thread diameter.
Second, avoid replacement of oil does not clean the oil road Many agricultural operators lack maintenance knowledge or laziness, do not clean the oil when replacing the oil, they buried their own security risks. It should be noted that after the lubricating oil is used, there are many residual mechanical impurities in the oil. Even if the lubricating oil is drained off, impurities still remain in the oil pan and the oil passage. In particular, new or overhauled locomotives have more impurities after commissioning. If they are not clean, they are eager to put them into use. It is very easy to cause accidents such as burning tiles and holding shafts.
Third, avoid do not select the oil according to the season Many agricultural operators do not pay attention to the use of lubricants by season, the use of summer lubricants in winter, the use of winter lubricants in summer, regardless of quality, cheap to buy, resulting in locomotive start difficulties and burn bearings and Other bad phenomenon. It is hoped that the agricultural operator will use lubricating oils that have passed quality inspection and applicable temperature markings.
Fourth, avoid installation of the piston with an open flame heating the various parts of the piston uneven thickness, thermal expansion and contraction are different, easily lead to deformation. If the piston is heated to a certain high temperature with an open flame, the metal structure will be damaged and the wear resistance will be reduced after the natural cooling, and its service life will be greatly shortened.
Fifth, avoid installing butter cylinder pad when many agricultural workers in the installation of cylinder pad habits butter, think that this can increase the tightness of the cylinder, cooked I do not know this approach is just the opposite. Due to the partial loss of butter after high temperature, there is a gap between the cylinder pad, cylinder head and the plane of the machine body. High-temperature and high-pressure gas can easily impact from this place, destroying the cylinder pad and causing air leakage. In addition, the butter will produce carbon deposits at high temperatures for a long time, resulting in premature aging of the cylinder mats.
6. Avoid placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position When some agricultural operators start the locomotive, they are accustomed to placing the throttle at the maximum fuel supply position. This results in too much fuel being injected into the cylinder. The mixture is too concentrated and difficult to start. The scientific positioning of the throttle is: When the temperature is above 15°C, it is slightly higher than the idle speed. When the temperature is below 15°C, the crankshaft should be idle for a few revolutions. When you feel relaxed, start with a small throttle. In addition, do not avoid the throttle, so as not to fluctuate due to the speed, fuel and air mixed unevenly, so that parts such as cylinders produce carbon, or resulting in connecting rod bending, crankshaft fracture and other unexpected failures.
VII. Inadvertently checking and maintaining the new car Some young agricultural operators mistakenly believe that with the development of science and technology, the safety performance of the current locomotive is very reliable. Therefore, after the new car has been bought, the inspection and maintenance will not be carried out seriously except for the trial run, resulting in frequent problems. , regret it. Check the maintenance method is: (1) Check the level 3 air filter oil in the oil pan. (2) Check the tightening of the bolts in each department. (3) Check and adjust the injection pressure. (4) Change the oil in the oil pan, clean the oil pan and the lubricating oil road.
Eight, avoid water tank "open pan" sudden cold water Most farmer knows that the engine overload operation, lack of water tank, poor heat will make the tank "open pot", if you add cold water, due to excessive temperature, will lead to cylinder The lid and cylinder "broken". Therefore, once the farmer finds that the tank “opens the pot,†emergency measures should be taken to ensure that the engine cooling water cools itself.
Nine, avoid rapid increase in labor efficiency Some agricultural machinery operators believe that rapid acceleration can improve labor efficiency, but I do not know how much it is closely related to the amount of fuel consumption. Practice has verified that the locomotive accelerates from the start to moderate speed (30 km/h), and the fuel consumption of rapid acceleration (25 seconds) is approximately equal to twice the fuel consumption of slow acceleration (40-45 seconds). Due to the incomplete combustion of oil during rapid acceleration. The more frequent the start, the greater the difference in fuel consumption, the rapid acceleration of harm and no benefit. Therefore, it is hoped that the farmer will take a low-speed start and then accelerate slowly.
Ten, avoid brake oil, gear oil with oil replacement practice, some agricultural machinery to use oil instead of brake oil, gear oil phenomenon is quite common, resulting in a variety of accidents are not uncommon. It should be noted that the brake fluid is the medium for the transmission of pressure in the hydraulic brake system of the locomotive. The main components are castor oil and alcohols. Their solubility is good, they are not easily precipitated and corroded, they come in contact with the rubber body, and the expansion rate of the rubber body is small. The engine oil does not have these excellent characteristics. If oil is used instead, it will precipitate easily, and the rubber parts of the brake system will swell, which will easily cause brake failure. Compared with gear oils, oils have low viscosity and weak compressive and wear resistance and load resistance. If oil is used instead of gear oil, the transmission gear is not easy to hang on the oil film, and the lubrication effect is deteriorated, which may cause early wear of the transmission gear, resulting in the effective performance of various components, and the degree of damage is incalculable. (From the Friends of the Rich Farmer Xuan Lihua Shao Weixin)
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