The basic principle and process of the fermentation bed Spread the starter and sawdust uniformly in the pens. The total thickness is about 50 centimeters. After the pigs are put into the bed to excrete the urine, they usually start to heat up from the 2nd to the 3rd day. 3 -7 days, after activation and colonization of functional micro-organisms, the micro-organisms multiply in geometric progression (up to 272 in 24 hours of theoretical breeding!), and use pig manure as a nutrient source to gradually warm up and ferment the litter mixture. The temperature of the central fermentation layer can reach 35-50°C or more. The surface temperature is stable for 20 to several degrees in winter and summer, and it basically forms a constant temperature bed. After the completion of the lower fermentation, sawdust and other matting materials will gradually darken and darken due to the coloration of the fermentation carbonization. The fermentation product can be used as fertilizer or roughage, and can be transported in batches. If it is not used, it can be transported for a long period of time, and littering will gradually decrease over time. Therefore, litter should be regularly supplemented.
Third, the operation precautions:
1. The amount of sawdust: The area is 20?, the standard thickness of the bedding material is not less than 50cm, and the total amount of sawdust is about 6-10 cubic meters. Too thin leads to no fermentation and too thick may cause internal heating too high or too fast. Fermentation auxiliaries can be uniformly scattered into all the litter at one time, and can also be scattered into the 3-4 layers locally. Use dry old sawdust as much as possible. Fresh sawdust is best left to dry and then sprinkled.
2. Bacterial dosage: 20 猪 pigs (15 pigs or so) use Jinbao fermentation auxiliaries 2 kilograms. Dispense 1.6 kilograms at one time and use the rest for supplements. The area of ​​the sty can not be less than 10?, the density of pigs can not be too high, otherwise it will stop fermentation due to the accumulation of excreted urine overload.
3. How to dilute: Fermentation auxiliaries should be mixed with rice bran (or corn flour, or bran), and evenly diluted with the ratio of bacteria: rice bran (or corn flour, bran) = 1:5 (the nutritional effect of fresh rice bran) Better than old rice bran), evenly sprinkled in sawdust, conditionally appropriate to spray about 5% of the brown sugar water into the rice bran mixture.
4. Rhythm control: The pig's fermentation rhythm and temperature can be controlled artificially. To quickly increase the temperature and fermentation, one or more of the following comprehensive measures can be taken: increase the dosage of fermentation auxiliaries, pre-add brown sugar water to activate the fermentation bacterium, and add more Fresh rice bran or urea water and other nutrients, increase the thickness of the sawdust layer, increase the number of overturning and punching, appropriate increase in the water content of the sawdust mixture (but avoid moisture can not exceed 70%, otherwise it will produce odor due to fermentation decomposition of spoilage bacteria Taste, contrary to the purpose of deodorant), and so on. Lower temperatures can be reversed. The internal temperature generally does not exceed 50 °C, the core fermentation layer does not exceed 60 °C, and the surface temperature is below 25-30 °C.
5, alternative litter: use sawdust as much as possible, sawdust is not easy to get some rice husk, straw, etc., the surface is still used sawdust 30 centimeters. It should be noted that the rice husk should be crushed, straw should be cut short (less than 0.5mmc) or crushed, but not too thin.
6, the humidity area: the fermentation bed should control the humidity, litter can be generally sprinkled, such as litter is too dry and easy to cause dust, affecting the breathing of pigs, then just spray water in the surface to. The maximum humidity of litter after urinating should not exceed 65%. Note that neither rain nor ground water can seep into the bed. The standard sty area should be above 20 ( (adjusted by other animals as appropriate), and banned below 10 åš for pigsty fermentation beds.
7. Fermentation state: After the normal operation, the color of the lower layer of the fermentation bed gradually becomes darker, no odor and light wine flavor, the temperature is basically stable, and sometimes the white mycelium can be seen. At this time, if you need to use fertilizer or for roughage, you can partially clear and transport them, and you can use them for years without notice.
Third, the operation precautions:
1. The amount of sawdust: The area is 20?, the standard thickness of the bedding material is not less than 50cm, and the total amount of sawdust is about 6-10 cubic meters. Too thin leads to no fermentation and too thick may cause internal heating too high or too fast. Fermentation auxiliaries can be uniformly scattered into all the litter at one time, and can also be scattered into the 3-4 layers locally. Use dry old sawdust as much as possible. Fresh sawdust is best left to dry and then sprinkled.
2. Bacterial dosage: 20 猪 pigs (15 pigs or so) use Jinbao fermentation auxiliaries 2 kilograms. Dispense 1.6 kilograms at one time and use the rest for supplements. The area of ​​the sty can not be less than 10?, the density of pigs can not be too high, otherwise it will stop fermentation due to the accumulation of excreted urine overload.
3. How to dilute: Fermentation auxiliaries should be mixed with rice bran (or corn flour, or bran), and evenly diluted with the ratio of bacteria: rice bran (or corn flour, bran) = 1:5 (the nutritional effect of fresh rice bran) Better than old rice bran), evenly sprinkled in sawdust, conditionally appropriate to spray about 5% of the brown sugar water into the rice bran mixture.
4. Rhythm control: The pig's fermentation rhythm and temperature can be controlled artificially. To quickly increase the temperature and fermentation, one or more of the following comprehensive measures can be taken: increase the dosage of fermentation auxiliaries, pre-add brown sugar water to activate the fermentation bacterium, and add more Fresh rice bran or urea water and other nutrients, increase the thickness of the sawdust layer, increase the number of overturning and punching, appropriate increase in the water content of the sawdust mixture (but avoid moisture can not exceed 70%, otherwise it will produce odor due to fermentation decomposition of spoilage bacteria Taste, contrary to the purpose of deodorant), and so on. Lower temperatures can be reversed. The internal temperature generally does not exceed 50 °C, the core fermentation layer does not exceed 60 °C, and the surface temperature is below 25-30 °C.
5, alternative litter: use sawdust as much as possible, sawdust is not easy to get some rice husk, straw, etc., the surface is still used sawdust 30 centimeters. It should be noted that the rice husk should be crushed, straw should be cut short (less than 0.5mmc) or crushed, but not too thin.
6, the humidity area: the fermentation bed should control the humidity, litter can be generally sprinkled, such as litter is too dry and easy to cause dust, affecting the breathing of pigs, then just spray water in the surface to. The maximum humidity of litter after urinating should not exceed 65%. Note that neither rain nor ground water can seep into the bed. The standard sty area should be above 20 ( (adjusted by other animals as appropriate), and banned below 10 åš for pigsty fermentation beds.
7. Fermentation state: After the normal operation, the color of the lower layer of the fermentation bed gradually becomes darker, no odor and light wine flavor, the temperature is basically stable, and sometimes the white mycelium can be seen. At this time, if you need to use fertilizer or for roughage, you can partially clear and transport them, and you can use them for years without notice.
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