Intensive cultivation
Since the land used for afforestation is not generally rehabilitated to fertile land, it is necessary to conduct a thorough deep turning, with a depth of 40 to 50 centimeters, in order to loosen the soil and increase the capacity for water conservation and conservation. The land preparation must also be meticulous, otherwise the trees cannot take root and affect survival. The use of trenching requires the formation of horizontal trenches to facilitate irrigation and maintain aesthetics.
Tree species selection
The color, shape, and charm of the branches and leaves of the tree plant should be taken into account to harmonize it with the surrounding environment and beautify it. At the same time, we must also consider the special functions of trees in anti-pollution, anti-toxicity, and clean air, and whether the trees adapt to the nature of the soil. Willows are less tolerant to drought and have strong water resistance, and they are widely distributed in cultivation; soils can be planted with white peony, pine, cypress, vitex, rhododendron, etc.; soil layers can be planted with poplar, walnut, eucalyptus, etc.; Saline-alkali land is difficult to green, and it can be planted with salt-tolerant tree species, such as weeping willow, sea buckthorn, sand jujube, eucalyptus, home poplar, lobular poplar, dry willow, drilled poplar, compound leaf machinery, amorpha, etc. can achieve good greening effect . Seedlings must be robust and free of pests and diseases.
Lifting method
This method is suitable for the transplantation of most broad-leaved trees during dormancy. The advantage of this method is that the root system can be completely preserved, easy to operate, save manpower and material resources, and facilitate transportation.
The method of soil ball raising is only used for transplanting some evergreen trees and a few precious deciduous trees. In the case of bare roots that can survive, try not to transplant with the ball method. The advantage of this method is that the planting survival rate is high, but its construction cost is high. The size of the earth ball is related to the height of the tree and the diameter of the tree. When the big seedling is transplanted, the diameter of the earth ball is generally 2 to 3 times the diameter of the plant.
Tree pruning
During the lifting process, no matter how careful you are, you will always hurt some roots. If no pruning or heavy cutting is performed, the proportion of nutrient supply on the ground and underground parts of the plant will be imbalanced, and the plants will gradually die, reducing the survival rate. In general, if you do not bring good soil balls in the process of raising seedlings, the old roots and rot roots should be cut off so that the bare roots are stained with mud and then wrapped in wet grass and straw bags. Before the loading, the yellow leaves and branches should be cut off, and some stems should be cut off according to the degree of soil ball intact. They can even be truncated and combined with cutting and shaping to maximize their survival.
Packaging, Transport and Implantation
Transplanted larger-sized earth-bearing trees (diameter of 10 to 15 cm in diameter) or packaging of precious and difficult-to-live trees. Grass bags, sacks, nylon bags and other soft materials can be used for packaging. During the packaging process, pay attention to putting roots and roots of the seedlings on the packing materials and adding moisturizing substances between the roots. When the weight of the seedlings reaches approximately 50 kg, the seedlings are bundled into bundles and tied with ropes. The bundles should not be too tight so as to facilitate air circulation.
Seedlings should be transported promptly and promptly to prevent wind and sky transporting seedlings, because the wind pumping will have serious damage to the vitality of Miao Zhu. During transportation, we should try to keep the road running smoothly. For longer distances, parking should be stopped under the shade of the trees. Water is often sprayed on seedlings. Long-distance transportation must bring bandits to large seedlings.
If seedlings cannot be planted in time, the seedlings shall be managed to be planted in order to prevent loss of vitality due to water loss or desiccation of the seedling roots. When planting, the seedlings are tilted to the leeward direction, and the seedlings are buried in wet soil and solidified with the feet so that the roots are in close contact with the wet soil. In order to prevent wind penetration, buried soil thickness 30 to 40 cm, seedlings during the prosthesis should pay attention to regular watering, care, general coniferous method using full buried seedlings will be buried in the soil; hardwood trees generally buried 2/3 of the whole seedlings.
Tree planting
Pits should be excavated with a diameter that is one-third larger than the root width of the seedlings and remove debris such as coal cinders and lime in the pits to facilitate root growth. The row spacing should be determined by the use of trees. For example, the shelter forest is 22 meters. Others can be determined according to the situation. The row spacing should be straight and symmetric to minimize the error. The tree body should be vertical and not skewed. When the bare root seedlings are planted, the soil should be buried to a certain depth. Afterwards, the seedlings should be gently lifted upwards, and then buried 2 to 3 times, until the depth of the seedlings is appropriate, and then the potholes will be compacted and watered; when the earthen ball seedlings are planted, the depth of the pits Consistent with the height of the soil ball, the backfill soil should be filled with the solid, but it must not be soiled.
Maintenance Management
The conservation and management of trees is very important. After planting, they are usually poured at least 3 times and thoroughly drenched with water. Pay attention to the work of rooting after watering. After the trees germinate, spray 1 water for 1 to 2 days, so as to speed up the growth of new shoots. Note that the new shoots are vulnerable to locusts. Drugs, we must always rake loose soil. In terms of fertilization, base fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of tree pits when digging pits; after planting, manure or chemical fertilizers can be used, and fertilization or material can be used to promote growth.
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