Fish is a temperature-changing animal. Even in the cold winter months, although the fish is in a semi-dormant state, its metabolism has not stopped for a moment. The demand for energy materials has not stopped for a moment. It needs to be supplemented with a certain amount of bait or multi-feed food organisms. Benefits the energy needs of fish. If the fish do not feed the feed during the winter, the energy needed for life activities will not be replenished, and only the nutrients in the body can be used to sustain life. General adult fish weight will be reduced by 6%~10%, and the mortality rate will be 3%~5%. Fish species will have relatively large body surface area due to their small size. Energy loss and osmotic pressure will be higher than adult fish, and weight will be reduced by more than 10%. The mortality rate is 8%~10%; in particular, some species with thin constitutions have a mortality rate of over 40% during the wintering period. In addition, because of the long-term fasting of fish, digestive system dysfunction, metabolic function disorders, poor disease resistance, it takes a long time to restore constitution after spring, directly affect the survival rate and aquaculture production. Therefore, pay attention to reasonable feeding and fertilizer after winter.
According to experiments, when the temperature of water in winter is above 5°C, the four major fish (herb, grass carp, carp, carp) still feed and gain weight. Grass carp seedlings supplemented with concentrate during the winter period not only maintained the fullness of the fish body, the body tissues and the main physiological indicators of the blood can maintain the normal level before the winter, and the average growth rate of 12% to 14%. The breeding survival rate and profit rate per unit area in the following year were 24% and 27% higher than those in the control group, respectively. Under the farming conditions of winter feeding, carp is more profitable.
Due to the low water temperature in winter, the activity of fish digestive enzymes is relatively weak, so the requirements for feed quality are relatively high. Generally, it is better to feed powdered peanut bran, bean cake or compound feed, and the protein requirement content reaches 28%~30%. The feeding amount depends on the temperature of the water. When the water temperature is above 8°C, it is fed once every two to three days. The feeding amount accounts for 1%~2% of the total weight of the fish. When the water temperature rises continuously above 10°C on a continuous sunny day, the fish Increased activity should increase the amount of feeding. Feeding generally chooses when the temperature is high at noon on sunny days, and concentrates the feed to the middle or depth of the fish pond. Fertilizer must strictly control the amount of fertilizer according to the changes of the weather and the transparency of the water quality. The thermophilic planktonic algae dormancy or death in the pond in winter, and the population and quantity are lacking. Excessive organic fertilizer can easily lead to boring ponds. If you need to fertilize, you should choose to have a sunny day at noon for Quanchiposa, in the amount of less often less, usually 20 days once, can also be applied once a month. 70 kg per mu. In order to facilitate the absorption and utilization of organic fertilizer by floating plankton algae in the water, reduce the excess accumulation of organic fertilizer and cause damage, maintain the recycling and balance of energy substances, and supplement the energy required by fish to achieve the conservation effect.
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