In China's apple production areas, the common deficiency factors are yellow leaf disease, lobular disease, bitter pit disease, and pox spot disease.
1. The yellow apple disease is the most common apple production area where the salt and alkalinity of the soil is heavy. In spring, after the apple tree leaves, the leaves on the leaves turn yellow-white or lemon, but the main veins and branches of the leaves remain green. In severe cases, the veins are also green, the entire leaf almost becomes white, the leaf margin is scorch and the leaves fall early, causing the tip of the new shoot to die. When the disease is light, the new shoots can gradually return to normal after stopping.
2. Apple lobular disease This disease is most common in orchards with strong sand and alkaline conditions. The diseased trees sprouted late in the spring, and the leaves they grew were narrow, hard and brittle. The leaf margins rolled up slightly, the leaves were yellow, and the shades were uneven. The new shoots grow short in the internodes, and the leaves are clustered like rosettes. In severe cases, the diseased branches die, and the new shoots from the lateral buds below still show the above symptoms. Diseased branches are not easy to form flower buds, flowers are small and light, and fruit set rate is low; knots are small, light, and often malformed. Roots of diseased trees are stunted and old roots are perishable. The crown extension is slow, the growth is small, the branching ability is weak, and the yield is reduced.
3, apple bitter pits and pox spot disease in all producing areas of apples in the near maturity and storage period, often these two physiological diseases, the disease rate is often reached more than 10%, resulting in lower grades, lower prices.
In the early stage of apple bitter pit disease, with the center of the fruit lenticels as the center, a dark red round spot appeared with a dark red halo surrounding it. After the lesions become brown, depression, lesions ranging from 2-10 mm in size. A lesion on a fruit, there are three or five light, there are more than a dozen heavy, with more than the top of the fruit and shoulders, fruit pits. The shallow flesh beneath the lesions turns brown and spongy, bitter and inedible. During storage, the diseased tissue is easily rotted by other saprophytic fungi, causing rot.
Apple's pox spot is similar to bitter pox. The difference lies in the fact that bitter pox first develops from the shallow flesh, necrosis and browning from the epidermis, and the flesh has obvious bitterness. The pox spot disease from the outer skin to the inside of the pulp brown, necrosis, the early bitter taste of the fruit is not obvious, the lesion is not obvious. The disease department is shallower than bitter blight disease, mostly about 1 mm deep. With the customary peeling method, it can basically cut off all of it, and it does not affect the consumption.
1. The yellow apple disease is the most common apple production area where the salt and alkalinity of the soil is heavy. In spring, after the apple tree leaves, the leaves on the leaves turn yellow-white or lemon, but the main veins and branches of the leaves remain green. In severe cases, the veins are also green, the entire leaf almost becomes white, the leaf margin is scorch and the leaves fall early, causing the tip of the new shoot to die. When the disease is light, the new shoots can gradually return to normal after stopping.
2. Apple lobular disease This disease is most common in orchards with strong sand and alkaline conditions. The diseased trees sprouted late in the spring, and the leaves they grew were narrow, hard and brittle. The leaf margins rolled up slightly, the leaves were yellow, and the shades were uneven. The new shoots grow short in the internodes, and the leaves are clustered like rosettes. In severe cases, the diseased branches die, and the new shoots from the lateral buds below still show the above symptoms. Diseased branches are not easy to form flower buds, flowers are small and light, and fruit set rate is low; knots are small, light, and often malformed. Roots of diseased trees are stunted and old roots are perishable. The crown extension is slow, the growth is small, the branching ability is weak, and the yield is reduced.
3, apple bitter pits and pox spot disease in all producing areas of apples in the near maturity and storage period, often these two physiological diseases, the disease rate is often reached more than 10%, resulting in lower grades, lower prices.
In the early stage of apple bitter pit disease, with the center of the fruit lenticels as the center, a dark red round spot appeared with a dark red halo surrounding it. After the lesions become brown, depression, lesions ranging from 2-10 mm in size. A lesion on a fruit, there are three or five light, there are more than a dozen heavy, with more than the top of the fruit and shoulders, fruit pits. The shallow flesh beneath the lesions turns brown and spongy, bitter and inedible. During storage, the diseased tissue is easily rotted by other saprophytic fungi, causing rot.
Apple's pox spot is similar to bitter pox. The difference lies in the fact that bitter pox first develops from the shallow flesh, necrosis and browning from the epidermis, and the flesh has obvious bitterness. The pox spot disease from the outer skin to the inside of the pulp brown, necrosis, the early bitter taste of the fruit is not obvious, the lesion is not obvious. The disease department is shallower than bitter blight disease, mostly about 1 mm deep. With the customary peeling method, it can basically cut off all of it, and it does not affect the consumption.
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