It is the weakest link in the life cycle of pests that damage fruit trees in winter. The use of low temperatures in the winter and with some artificial measures for prevention and control often results in a multiplier effect.
1. Clear Garden. During the growing season, removing or picking up damaged fruit, branches, and leaves in a timely manner can effectively reduce the source of the next generation of worms (bacteria); in autumn and winter seasons, we can remove the diseased shoots, shoots, and weeds near the orchard and surrounding areas. And litter is cleared away, concentrated burned or buried deep, can eliminate a large number of overwintering pests.
2. Scrape the skin. As the saying goes: “It is necessary to eat pears and scrape the bark.†The scraping of fruit trees is an important measure for orchard management in winter. It not only helps to increase tree vigor, prevents premature tree aging, but also eliminates wintering in the cracks in the barks. Bacteria and pests reduce the base number of overwintering, control or reduce the occurrence and damage of some diseases and insect pests in the coming year, thus receiving the control effect of “do not apply pesticides and win pesticidesâ€. Comprehensive surveys showed that 80% to 90% of the overwintering larvae of the sticky orchard, juvenile armyworm, and pear caterpillar were reduced by 60% to 80%, and the spider mites were reduced by 70% to 80%. The winter shave of fruit trees can be carried out after defoliating from fruit trees to before sprouting in late spring. The main reason is to scrape off the rough skin and skins on the trunk and main branches. The degree of scraping is to scrape off the light brown skin. It is better to see green and white. When scraping the skin, a plastic cloth should be laid under the tree to collect scraped bark and debris, and be deeply buried or burned. For fruit trees with rot and blight disease, apply Fumei arsenic or lime sulfur to prevent and cure after scraping.
3. White paint. The white coating of trunks in winter not only prevents the sunburn and frost damage of fruit trees, but also eliminates a large number of pathogens and pests that overwinter on tree trunks. The proportion of whitening agent is generally: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 to 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of clay and 35 to 40 parts of water. The time for whitening is preferably 2 times, the first time after deciduous fruit trees before the soil freezes, and the second time in early spring.
4. Plowing. Deeply cultivating the tree plate is not only an important measure to improve the soil and promote the production of fruit trees, but also an effective method to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. Through deep turning, pests (such as peach borer, peach aphid, etc.) and pathogens that overwinter in the soil can be turned to the surface and frozen, dried or eaten by natural enemies, causing some to dry and curl on the ground. Weeds and weeds in the winter over the germs and pests (such as roll moths, aphids, red spiders, etc.) are buried underground, because they can not normally emerge as a feather and suffocate, thereby reducing the overwintering base.
5. Temptation. Using insect pests to select the sites for wintering, in the autumn, they will be tied to the big branches of fruit trees or broken into sack pieces to trap pests and larvae to overwinter and then kill them in a concentrated manner. According to the survey, this method has a 47% to 78% trapping effect on the apple fruit and fruit borer. It also has a great effect on red spider mites, jujube armyworm, spiny leaf miner, apple leaf roller moth, and leaf roller moth. A good trapping effect, especially when the density of overwintering worms is greater in the year, is more effective in trapping.
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