Cancer cells are indeterminate, but a new type of nuclear imaging technology is expected to improve the efficiency of targeted therapy. This summer, the FDA approved two diagnostic tests: one that tracks the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and another that tracks the progression of neuroendocrine cells to tumors.
Nuclear imaging technology is to transfer a substance, usually a substance necessary for biological life metabolism, such as glucose, protein, nucleic acid, fatty acid, and label a short-lived radionuclide (such as F18, C11, etc.) into the human body. The accumulation of the substance in metabolism reflects the metabolic activity of life. Positron emission imaging (PET) is a common technique used to identify a wide variety of common cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy.
However, for certain cancers, such as prostate cancer, PET is not well positioned. Since prostate cancer does not consume too much glucose, the effect of PET technology is not obvious. But now, the upgraded technology can combine the amino acids of prostate cancer, or the receptors of neuroendocrine cell cancer hormones, and label radioactive elements. In this way, people can more clearly track the pathological changes of cancer.
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Tumor nuclear imaging (Source: itnonline)
Identify prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is a disease that is very easy to relapse. In diagnosis, it is important to accurately locate cancer cells: this determines the choice of treatment – ​​if the cancer cells are concentrated in the pelvis, surgery or radiation can be used. If cancer metastasizes to lymph nodes or bones, hormone therapy is needed. Currently, the most common screening method for doctors is to look for prostate-specific antigens (PSAs). However, because the number of PSAs changes with age and disease progression, it is impossible to clearly locate cancer cells.
Netspot, a new tumor imaging agent developed by Blue Earth Diagnostics in Oxford, UK, is expected to change this phenomenon. This small molecule is called Axumin and its active ingredient is fluciclovine F18. It is an unnatural amino acid that can be absorbed into cancer cells by an amino acid transporter located on the surface of prostate cancer cells.
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Axumin structure (Source: rxlist.com)
The study found that prostate cancer cells are more likely to absorb fluciclovine F18 than their surrounding healthy tissue and do not metabolize or use for protein synthesis after absorption. With the new imaging agent Axumin, doctors can more accurately determine the location of prostate cancer recurrence lesions to help them develop treatment options. This molecule was first developed by Professor Mark in the Department of Radiation and Imaging at Emory University School of Medicine in the mid-1990s. The imaging agent was first used in Atlanta hospitals in September.
Localized neuroendocrine tumor
Netspot, a new tumor imaging agent for the French drug company Advanced Accelerator Applications. It is a gallium 68-dotatate radioactive injection that can be used for PET scanning imaging. It is approved by the FDA for the detection of a rare neuroendocrine tumor in adults or children.
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Gallium 68-dotatate
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