Is the effect of chemical fertilizers good? Pay attention to these kinds of fertilizers? The application method of water-flooding is also called “flushing and fertilizingâ€, which generally provides a topdressing supplement in the period of rapid growth of crops, and cannot replace the main fertilization methods such as base fertilizer. However, because this method is convenient and fast, it is widely used in vegetable fields and irrigated land for growing economic crops and special food crops.
Farmers everywhere are used to putting fertilizers of different sizes of granular compound fertilizer, urea, potassium chloride and other fertilizers in buckets or directly in the heads of the farmland. The fertilizers reach the crop roots of the farmland along with the water flow, during which the fertilizer pellets Whether it dissolves or not is not clear.
For example, the calcium from the southern farmers and the ammonium phosphate from the northern farmers will remain on the surface for a long time, and the large particles of urea will not dissolve completely. At higher temperatures, severe ammonia volatilization will occur. Therefore, it is easy to cause a large loss of nitrogen, and at the same time, it also causes a problem of low water utilization.
Correct selection of fertilizer types for fertilization
Only water soluble fertilizers can be applied with water. Urea, ammonia, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate are commonly used in nitrogen fertilizer; potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are used in potassium fertilizer, and potassium nitrate is also used. In the phosphate fertilizer, even the water-soluble phosphorus monoammonium and phosphorus diammonium should not be applied, because the phosphate fertilizer has poor mobility and is easily fixed, and cannot penetrate into the root layer with water. The best application method of phosphate fertilizer can only be layered into the soil to improve its utilization.
One-time nutrient content
Must be streamlined in high-yield vegetable cultivation, the amount of pure nitrogen should be controlled at 2~3 kg/mu, especially the nitrate nitrogen should be controlled below 2~3 kg/mu, and the limited amount of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide) Generally in 2~4 kg/mu; otherwise, the waste and loss of nutrients are large. It not only reduces the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, but also may cause pollution to water quality. The fertilization of the whole growth period is generally 2 times.
Period of fertilization
In the large-scale growth period of crops, if the vegetables are in the fruit-bearing period and picking melons and fruits, and in the bagging period of Chinese cabbage, in the cultivation of autumn vegetables, the temperature is selected to fall, the mineralization of soil is reduced, and the vegetable crops are large. The growth period is appropriate.
Control of irrigation amount
Under the irrigation mode, the flooding is prevented from flooding. When the canal is filled, the depth of the ditch is appropriate to the amount of water to prevent the nutrients dissolved in the water from being lost with water. Some people smashed the granular high-concentration compound fertilizer and rushed it; some people used unfertilized insoluble solid organic fertilizer or microbial preparations as fertilizers, which are not appropriate.
In short, in principle, we must master the following points:
The method of fertilization should be used in a timely and appropriate amount, mainly for top dressing in intensive vegetable cultivation, mainly applying nitrogen and potassium.
There are four types of fertilizers that should not be applied: one does not apply phosphorus; the other does not apply granular compound fertilizer; three does not flush solid organic fertilizer; four does not flush microbial preparations or fertilizer.
(China New Fertilizer Network)
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