The varieties of celery in autumn and winter should be more resistant to cold, twitching late, strong in growth, good in quality, suitable for spring cultivation. Such as big leaf celery, milk celery celery, glass crisp celery, Jinnan real celery, Italian celery and so on. The celery that grows in greenhouses can be planted in stages from the end of January to the beginning of March. For sowing seedlings in open fields, it is advisable to plant sunny days from the end of February to the middle of April. Sowing in this period, the temperature is low, soaking seeds before sowing, and then germination at 15 °C ~ 20 °C. After sowing, the seedbed should be covered with a film or a small arch shed, and a sunshade net should be covered at night. Before the emergence, the sputum can be appropriately elevated to promote quick emergence.
After emergence, pay attention to ventilation and cooling during the day (not more than 25 ° C) to prevent "high seedlings" and disease, preferably at least 8 ° C at night. This is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings, but also delays the vernalization stage, reducing or delaying the early convulsion of celery. Regardless of the seedlings or live broadcast in greenhouses and open fields, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened on the basis of the situation in the sunny days.
In order to prevent the seedlings from being intensive, the seedlings should be planted twice during the emergence of the seedlings and between 1 and 2 true leaves. In the greenhouse, from the middle of March to the end of April, the ground temperature is 10 cm, and the temperature is stable at 5 °C or above;
From late February to mid-April, the open field will not be transplanted, and the seedlings will be fixed from early May to early June. The row spacing of planting and seedlings was 10 cm × 10 cm, and the seedlings were planted in stages, and the water was poured after the planting. Most of the seedling beds are kept in "piling". Planting 35,000 to 40,000 piers per 666.7 square meters.
Harvesting of spring celery is a process from low temperature to high temperature, which makes it easy for plants to twitch by vernalization. Therefore, it is necessary to collect the celery in time before convulsions, so as not to reduce the quality. Therefore, its growth period is shorter than that of autumn and winter celery, and it is generally harvested and listed in the late May to late June.
Sowing time
In the southern region, celery can be cultivated throughout the year, but it is best cultivated in spring, autumn and winter. Summer is hot, slow growth and poor quality. In the northern region, sowing in spring and autumn is appropriate.
Seeding method
Celery can be celery seeds live, can also be transplanted. Sowing in summer, the seeds should be treated by soaking the seeds with warm water of 20-25 °C for 4-6 hours, wrap them out, wrap them in gauze, hang them to the bottom of the well, or put them in the refrigerator. Most of the 3-4 days can be sown in white. Generally used broadcast. Cover the shading net after sowing, and remove the shading net in time after emergence. Seedling height 15-18 cm, you can colonize.
Cultivation container
The celery is planted on the balcony, rooftop, living room or courtyard. The optional cultivation containers include flower pots, tubs, professional cultivation boxes, foam plastic boxes, etc., and the depth of the ploughing layer is 15-20 cm.
Celery cultivation method
livespan
The growth period of celery is relatively long. It takes about 3 months from sowing to harvesting. Generally, it can be harvested in several times at a plant height of 40-50 cm.
Temperature requirement
Celery is like a cool climate, cold, shade, heat, and drought-tolerant. The suitable growth temperature is 15-20 ° C, and the growth is poor at 26 ° C or above, and the quality is inferior.
Lighting requirements
Celery is resistant to yin and needs to cover the sunshade before emergence. It needs sufficient light in the later stage.
Moisture requirements
Celery is a shallow root vegetable with weak drought tolerance and large evaporation, requiring moist soil and air conditions.
Management points
Celery has strict requirements on soil, and it needs fertile, loose and well-ventilated soil. It should be timely filled with water to meet the growth needs of the whole growing season. In the summer cultivation, due to the large amount of evaporation, water is poured once a day in the morning and evening, and the fertilizer is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer. If the light is too strong, there should be a shade net to block the shade.
In winter, celery is planted in the greenhouse, which effectively avoids the adverse effects of the natural environment on the growth of celery. The yield is high and the quality is good. The yield per mu is 2500-3500 kg, which is 2~3 times higher than that of open field cultivation.
The cultivated strong seedling variety is Hangzhou Sanye Qingqin. Choose the greenhouse in the spring planting of tomato and fruit vegetables to make seedbeds. After raining and exposure, it will be ploughed in early September. In the middle of September, the whole land will be planted. The amount of seeds per acre of field will be 450 grams, and no fertilizer will be applied when planting. Kneading face, width 1.5 meters. After sowing, the sunshade net is tiling, and the surface is drenched, and then the soil is sprayed with water.
Usually 13 to 14 days of emergence, emergence and time seedlings. In the autumn, there are many storms and rains. It is necessary to set up a small arch shed. In the case of heavy rain, a layer of sunshade net is added to prevent rainwater from scouring. Aphids often occur in the celery seedling stage, and can be controlled by 10% 1200 times liquid. The standard of celery seedlings is about 30 days old, and there are 3 to 4 true leaves.
Transplanting and planting 1000-2000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre in the greenhouse one month before transplanting, 70 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 150 kg of phosphorus pentoxide were applied per mu per week before transplanting. Transplanted in mid-to-late November. The day before transplanting, the seedbed is watered to facilitate seedling and less damage to the root system. 8 meters wide shed to do 5 畦, 畦 width 1.2 meters, groove width 0.2 meters, plant spacing 8 cm, line spacing 10 cm, 85,000 holes per acre, 1 hole per hole.
It is also possible to expand the row spacing of the plant and plant the single hole and double plant. Water is poured in time after transplanting. One month after transplanting, when the plant height is 20 cm, 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer is applied per acre, and then water is poured once. During the growth period, the soil is poured 2 to 3 times.
In the greenhouse management, the temperature and ground temperature dropped in November, and in the beginning of November, the greenhouse film was covered 10 days before transplanting to increase the temperature of the greenhouse. The entire shed will be exposed to ventilation at both ends. If you have difficulty getting listed before the Spring Festival, you can see the growth of celery, open the shed during the day, and swell the shed at night to promote the growth of celery. The harvest was listed in mid-January.
In September, the wintering celery in greenhouses and greenhouses began to be planted. In this period, the following points should be noted in cultivation management:
First, the day before the rational planting and planting, the seedbed will be properly watered, and the next day, the roots will be taken with the soil, and at the same time, the pests and the seedlings will be eliminated, and the large and small seedlings will be planted separately. The spacing of the celery plants is 10×25 cm, and the spacing of the local celery plants is 10×15 cm. Water immediately after planting.
Second, the water and fertilizer management at the initial stage of planting should be used to buckle the shade net for 10 to 15 days. After planting for 3 days, pour a slow water. When the surface soil is dry and wet, the soil is ploughed in time to carry out seedlings. When the heart leaves turn green, the seedlings are finished, and 10 kg of urea and 20 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre combined with watering.
After about 15 to 20 days, when the plant height is about 25 cm, the urea is applied 10 kg twice. After the film is buckled, 15 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium sulfate are applied in combination with watering. The amount of irrigation is gradually controlled as the temperature decreases. Stop watering and fertilize 10 days before harvesting.
The production of 1000 kg of celery requires 2 kg of pure nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4 kg of potassium chloride. Before planting, 5,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 40 kg of phosphate fertilizer were applied. When the celery plant height is 10 cm, the first topdressing is started. The cultivating nitrogen fertilizer is 7-10 kg and the potassium fertilizer is 10-15 kg.
Celery enters a prosperous growth period, chasing fat every 7 to 10 days, even chasing 3 to 4 times, applying 15-20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer per acre, 10-20 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 20-25 kg of potassium fertilizer. Each top dressing should be combined with watering.
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