(I) Biological characteristics
The celery root system is shallow and less, and the celery likes a cool and humid environment. The optimum temperature for germination is 15-20°C. The germination is slow and not neat at high temperatures. However, the seedlings can tolerate a low temperature of 7°C. The celery requires low temperature to pass through the vernalization stage, twitching and flowering under long daylight through the light stage.
(B) Cultivation Season and Variety Selection
Although celery can be cultivated for more than a year, in terms of soilless cultivation in protected areas, the fall and winter pods with the highest yield and most benefit should be the main ones. It is generally planted in early August, planted from early September to early October, and harvested around January.
There are two types of celery cultivated in northern China:
1. Real celery
The petiole is full, crisp texture, high yield and storage resistance, strong adaptability, not easy to twitch, but the growth rate is slow, suitable for autumn and winter and overwintering cultivation. Representative varieties are Fujian and Taiwan real straw celery, Tianjin Huang Miao celery, Shanghai Qinghai celery.
2. Empty straw celery
The petiole is hollow, the texture is coarse, and the growth rate is fast. The varieties include Shandong Fushan celery and Yantai large-leaf celery.
In addition to the above-mentioned commonly cultivated celery, a variety of celery, a variety of cultivated celery, has been cultivated in recent years. Celery is a celery variety imported from abroad for more than a decade. In general, the petiole of this celery is slender, and the content of crude fiber is relatively high. However, the petiole of celery is broad and thick, the crude fiber content is relatively low, the food is crispy, the taste is good, and the yield is high, but the celery scent Less than this celery. However, the output is high and the economic benefits are also good.
(C) Soilless cultivation methods
Celery NFT, DFT, rock wool cultivation or other matrix cultivation can be used. There are not many reports on cultivating celery soillessly in China. According to the “Celery Rockwool Soilless Culture Technology Research†carried out by experts, it is believed that the cultivation of celery using geosyncline rock wool is not only cost-effective, but also effective. It is also suitable for China’s conditions and is easy to use. Promote the application of production. The method is: leveling the ground, solidified soil layer, made of deep 20cm, width 60 ~ 100cm, about 10m long trough, trough extended north and south, slope down 1:70, slot distance 30cm. Inside a layer of 0.lmm thick polyethylene film, filled with rock wool, vermiculite or river sand and other substrates. After the seedlings are grown, they are planted at a row spacing of 10cm (20cm30cm for celery), and one seedling per hole is planted, and 40,000 to 50,000 plants can be planted each time. Immediately after planting liquid, generally do not slow seedlings.
(IV) Cultivation Management
1. Nutrition formula
First, the selected celery nutrient solution formula (Table 1) has a good cultivation effect, the EC value of the formula is 1.75ms/cm, the pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5, and the second is compound fertilizer alone (15:15:15). Phosphoric potassium nitrate) 1000mg/L. The EC value is 1.7 ms/cm and the pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5.
2. Management after planting
(1) Temperature Management
Celery is a cool vegetable, and it is very important to control the temperature to meet the needs of celery.
In general, the seedling period is more adaptable to temperature, and in the product formation phase, the temperature requirements are relatively strict. Generally, the suitable daytime air temperature is maintained at 18 to 25°C and 12 to 15°C at night. Nutrient solution temperature 18 ~ 20 °C. The root temperature is below 15°C for a long period of time, which is unfavorable for growth.
(2) Nutrient Solution Management
In different growth periods of celery, the amount and frequency of fluid supply should not be the same. During the growth period, the liquid supply is 2 to 3 times a day (drip irrigation or watering), which can be appropriately reduced in the early and late stages. If the nutrient solution is not recycled, water should be poured once every other day.
(five) timely harvest
About 50 to 60 days after the planting of celery seedlings, when the plant height is about 70 to 80 cm, timely harvest according to market demand.
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