When is winter shears?
The best period for grape winter shear is that the tree body fully enters the dormant period until 30 days before the injury period. The greenhouse cultivation should be finished before the film is covered. It is usually carried out after the temperature has dropped significantly and the grapes have fallen for 20 days. Beware of winter shears too early, can be properly cut at night to enhance the frost resistance of the grapes, but pay attention not too late, so as not to waste a lot of nutrition due to injury.
How to cut winter shears
1, identify the mother branch
The high-quality results of the mother branch are dark, shiny, and the branches are fully mature. The base 2 diameter is 0.8~1.2 cm. The branches are tortuous, the internodes are short, the nodes are thick and large, the buds are tall and full, and the scales are tight. The branches are round and round, the xylem is developed, the pith is small, the tissue is dense, and there are no pests and diseases.
2, trim length
Commonly used are short shoots (2~3 buds), middle tips (4~6 buds), and long shoots (above 8 buds). The length of the cut depends mainly on its growth potential, the rate of the shoots and the height of the flower buds. . Under the same conditions, the branches that are strong and well-managed should be properly retained. The flower bud differentiation in the lower part of the weak branch is better, and the short cut should be appropriate; the extension branch should stay long, and the preparation branch should be short. The multi-mainman fan-shaped pruning of the grid is mainly composed of long-tail, mid-tip pruning or long-tip, middle-tip and short-tip mixing, and the dragon-dry pruning is mainly based on short-tail pruning. Short-cut pruning is the main area in areas where the soil is thin, the water is not enough, and the drought is dry.
Pay attention to these matters
1. Protect the cut buds from 3 to 4 cm on the cut buds. If the internodes are short, cut them in the first section of the cut buds. The cut should be smooth to prevent rupture so as not to affect the germination of the buds.
2. When the branches are sparse, the short branches can be removed from the base. When the branches are small, the short piles should be left, and in the second year, the short piles should be cut. At the same time, avoid wound contiguous, so as not to affect the smooth flow of the grooming tissue.
3, to avoid the mouth injury on the main vine on the branches, should try to avoid causing a mouth injury.
4. If the branch group is updated with a single branch, the winter shear is a short-cut pruning of the resulting female branch, leaving no preliminary branches. In the second year, in the new branch of the resulting female branch, the upper result, the lower part of the sparse The inflorescence is used as a preparatory branch, and the resulting branch is removed during winter shearing, and the short shoot is trimmed on the prepared branch. If the branch is updated, each result part leaves a result of the mother branch and the upper part of a reserve branch is still trimmed by the middle and long ends, and the lower branch is left short of 2 to 3 buds.
5. Pay attention to the perennial branches and vines to renew the perennial vines with good results at the apex and the back end, and retract to the strong growth of the branches; for the apex, there are still branches and the bare perennial branches, the vines are renewed and cultivated. New plant results; perennial vines for weak growth. If there is still the ability to produce results, when the base is not replaced by germination, it can be combined with the method of short-cut and vertical vines on the old vines to help the weak vines to strengthen and balance the tree; for the perennial vines, if there is no result Ability should be completely removed.
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