The muskmelon disease, also known as black blotch, is a kind of disease that occurs more commonly in melon production areas. Sometimes the onset of the individual plots is severe and it can also cause the whole plant to die. In greenhouses soilless hydroponics planted thick muskmelon, the incidence rate can be as high as 90%. The disease also affects watermelon, cucumber, zucchini, melon and other melon crops.
? Symptoms? The main damage stems, but also damage the leaves and petioles.
The incidence of leaf disease often begins near the petiole or starts from the leaf margin, forming an irregular, red-brown necrotic large spot. There are not obvious ring patterns. Black spots on the late lesions are dense, that is, pathogenic conidia. When the air is dry, the lesions are easily broken.
The vine vines suffered from water-stained, dark green patches that formed at the beginning of the stem segments, and later turned grayish to light reddish brown, irregularly necrotic and large spots, and rapidly developed in all directions, resulting in stem folds or dead worms. In the field disease department often produces white to reddish-brown fluid, and many small black spots form on the surface of the lesion. The petiole was infected, and it was rotted with water stains. Many small black spots were produced in the later period, and they collapsed and shrank. The difference between blight and wilt is that the disease develops slowly and the vascular bundle does not change color. The disease resistance of different melon varieties was significantly different. In general, thin-skinned muskmelons were more resistant to disease than thick muskmelons.
Pathogen? Ascochyta citrullina Smith is a semi-known fungus of the fruit shell fungus. The pathogenic conidiospore was born on the surface and was initially buried in the host tissue. After breaking through the epidermis, it was light brown and spherical to flat spherical.
What are the characteristics of the disease? The bacteria on the sickness, in the soil, scaffolding wood through the winter, but also can be attached to the seed surface winter. Spread by watering, air flow or agricultural operations. Bacteria growth temperature 15 ~ 35 °C, suitable temperature 20 ~ 24 °C. The air humidity is higher than 85%, the average temperature is 18~25°C, suitable for hair growth, excessive planting, poor ventilation, lack of fertilizer, or partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. After a long time of watering the shelter, it is easy to induce the bos Planting is also conducive to hair growth?
?? Prevention methods
?? 1, the implementation of non-guay crops 2 to 3 kinds of crop rotation; timely removal of litter and plant debris after pulling, bring out the shed to properly handle.
2, adequate base rot applied fertilizer, appropriate increase in phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, pay attention to timely growth in the middle and late fertilizer. Avoid fat loss. Strengthen management after onset and pay attention to ventilation in protected areas.
3ã€In the early stage of disease, use 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 600 times, or 50% acetaminophen WP 800 times, or 25% pefu water 800 times, or 40% polysulfide. Suspension 500 times, or 70% mancozeb WP 400 times, or 80% WP wet spray 800 times. Focus on spraying the lower middle part of the plant. When the disease is severe, the diseased stem can be applied after doubling the amount of the above-mentioned agent.
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