As a food fish, Rouge fish is delicious, nutritious, and has the advantages of strong disease resistance, mildness, wide appetite and rapid growth. It is a new breed of ponds, reservoirs and lakes. At present, the artificial propagation and artificial breeding of rouge fish have become increasingly sophisticated, and the market demand has been increasing and the price has been increasing year by year. In recent years, aquaculture has achieved good aquaculture effects and economic benefits. According to the successful experience of local farmers, the second generation of rouge roe-cultivation and adult fish breeding technologies are described as follows:
First, seed cultivation
1. Fry cultivation: Fry breeding facilities are small cement tanks and cages. The area is suitable for 5~10 square meters, water depth is about 1 meter, micro-flowing water. Generally, 200 to 300 fry hatchlings are hatched per square meter. When the fry grows to 3 to 4 centimeters in length, they are then reared to the breeding period. When dividing the pond, operate carefully and bring water through the sieve to avoid injury to fish.
2. Fish breeding pond preparation: The pond size is not limited, suitable for 500-3000 square meters, depth is more than 1.5 meters. The embankment is firm, water-retaining and fertile, and the bottom soil is the best in loam soil. Adequate water, good water quality, no pollution, easy injection and drainage. The pond is sunny and the light is good, which is conducive to the cultivation of plankton in the water. The fish fry is used for laying 7 to 8 days of lime for 150 kg/mu before stocking. It disperses and disinfects the whole pond of hydration pulp. After 2~3 days, the water injection is deep to about 60 cm. Fermented chicken manure or 300~1000 kg of pig manure is used to cultivate natural food organisms. After the fish is put in the pond, you can eat palatable natural food. The fry was released 1 time before stocking to remove crickets and other predator organisms. Each fish pond was equipped with a 3 kW aerator.
3. Fry stocking: The second generation of summer roe of Cockroach is the same as that of the four major fish. The time of breeding and stocking of fingerlings is generally mid-June. The stocking density is 0.6 to 12,000 tails/mu, and the summer flower size is 3 to 4 centimeters. When the seedlings are released, the temperature difference should be adjusted within 2 degrees Celsius. At the same time, 10~15 days after the seedlings of the merging fish bloom, 0.1 to 0.2 thousand tails per mu were planted and the size was 3 to 4 centimeters.
4. Feed and feeding: fry cultivation, the early bait selection cooked egg yolk 1 per day, fed every 3 to 4 hours. Mid-term feeding of small zooplankton such as rotifers, cladocera, and copepods, and feeding appropriate amount of special feed for salmon, 4 times a day. When the fry grows to 3 cm, it will be changed into chopped minced fish or fish, fish meal and fish meal. After 4 cm in length, fish fry can be directly given to live leeches or fish meat and fishmeal and fishmeal. For the cultivation of fingerlings, the use of natural bio-feeds cultivated in ponds is the main method in the early stage, and appropriate live leeches or fish meat and fish meal and fishmeal are properly fed. When the fry is 5-6 cm in length, it is possible to circulate fresh live leeches, terrestrial larvae, minced fish paste, and squid feeds in a conditional turn. According to empirical analysis, the first-instar rouge fish species are fed by quail feeding. The best effect is that the bait coefficient is approximately 4.5 (wet weight) and the daily growth rate of body length is more than 1.06%. At the same time, the amount of artificial compound feed is applied, and the protein requirement of artificial feed is more than 35%. Feeding insisted on the principle of "four determinants", generally do not feed three times a day, 8 to 9 am, 12 to 13 o'clock noon, 16 to 17 o'clock in the afternoon. The specific daily feeding amount should be appropriately adjusted according to the weather, water quality, and the growth of fry. The fish should be fed for 1 to 1.5 hours, and the live bait feed rate is generally 15% to 25% of the total fish weight. Feeding rate of concentrate feed is 5% to 10%, and fish feed must be fed with enough feed to promote rapid and uniform growth of fish.
5. Day-to-day management: Due to the seedling stage, ingestion is vigorous and growth is rapid, but the body is still young and vulnerable. Therefore, the daily management work is very important, in addition to the supply of high-quality palatability feeds, it must also be meticulous care, water quality management and disease prevention and control work in order to obtain the ideal breeding effect.
Second, adult fish breeding
1. Aquaculture pond requirements: Generally non-polluting culture ponds, which can be used for breeding of rouge fish. Pond clearing measures include: removing excess silt; reinforcing slopes and ponds; plugging and closing loopholes; perfecting the intake and drainage systems, and requiring a reliable and reliable escape prevention facility in the intake and outfalls, which can effectively prevent the escape of farmed fish and miscellaneous wild animals. Fish enters. The pond area is 2~10 mu and the average water depth is more than 2.0 meters. The transportation is convenient and the environment is quiet. The water source is abundant and the water quality is fresh. The ponds were exposed for several days after clearing. Before the fish species were released, 150 kg/mu of lime was sterilized. The water injection was about 1 meter deep after 2 to 3 days, and 500 to 1000 kg of chicken manure or pig manure was applied. Mu cultivates natural food organisms. According to the size of the aquaculture area, 1 to 2 sets of 3 kilowatts of aerators and irrigation and other mechanical equipment are deployed.
2. Fish species stocking: The stocking method is due to the implementation of the land and ponds, which can be single-cultivated, and can also be mixed and raised. For single breeding, the rouge fish stocking volume is 500~1000 tails/mu, the fish size is more than 50 grams, and the size of the same pond fish species is as uniform as possible; 100~150 tails/mu of mullet is raised and the specification is 20 tails/kg, Fish 20 tails/mu, specifications 5-6 tails/kg, stingrays 100-200 tails/mu, size 20 tails/kg, and then rearing a small amount of carp fingerlings. In polyculture, other fish (generally grass carp, white pelicans, squid, etc.) are used as the main fish, and the rouge fish is used as a bottom layer to match fish, and 100 to 200 large-sized rouge fish species can be stocked per acre of water. Because of its mild nature, camp benthic and meat-eating properties, it is not recommended to breed polyculture with cockroaches, cockroaches or other ferocious meat-eating fish.
3. Feeding: Feeding of adult fish into feed is also the best for feeding with clams. According to the source of feed, the main investment local snail meat, small fish, shrimp, livestock and poultry or artificial breeding of terrestrial earthworm, fly and other live bait to reduce the cost of farming. In the scale culture, according to the characteristics that the rouge has high requirements on the crude protein and crude fat in the feed, artificial feed is mainly fed, and the feed protein is 35% to 40%, and the crude fat is 8%. The rouge had feeding behavior throughout the year, but the intensity of feeding in different seasons was different; therefore, depending on this characteristic, the feeding and feeding rates in different seasons were also different. Normally from April to May, it will be fed twice daily, the amount of feed will be 3%~4% of body weight, three times from June to September, and the amount of feed will be 5%~8%, and will be fed twice from September to October. , feeding amount according to 3% to 5%, 11 to 12 months feeding once, feeding amount of 1% to 2%, 1 to 3 months a small amount of feeding. If all the feeds to be fed are fresh wet bait, the daily feed rate will increase by 4% to 5%. In the actual breeding, the daily feeding amount should also be based on the weather, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pond fish feeding conditions, etc.; in accordance with the "Four Sets" principle, ensure that the fish to eat well, eat well, eat full.
4. Management: Stick to the morning and evening patrols to observe the fish’s feeding, activities, and changes in the pool water; check the intake and drainage facilities, especially at the time of sudden changes in the weather and storms, strengthen patrolling and identify problems in time. Wash the bait station frequently and remove the residue and dirt from the water every day to prevent water pollution. It is necessary to strengthen the management of water quality in particular, so that the water can be changed frequently. Under normal circumstances, a small change can be made each week, and new water can be exchanged for l/3; for a half month, a change can be made for a 2/3 change. As the fish grows and the water quality gradually increases, the number of water changes should be appropriately increased. During the high temperature season, the water should be changed every day. The aerator should be started regularly to keep the water rich in oxygen. At the same time, photosynthetic bacteria and EM bacteria should be applied every 10 days. Liquid and other micro ecological preparations to regulate water quality. Throughout the breeding process, keep the water fresh, live, and cool, enhance the vigor of the fish, and promote the fish's feeding and growth.
5. Disease prevention and control: In the natural environment, the rouge has a strong ability to resist diseases, and it is rarely diseased. However, under the condition of artificial rearing, the rouge fish seedlings, fingerlings, and adult fishes have various symptoms. Like most farmed fish, the prevention and control of the puffer fish should also implement the principle of “prevention, prevention and control, prevention of disease, prevention of disease and early diseaseâ€. Only by taking comprehensive preventive measures can we effectively control the occurrence of the disease. Do a good job of “species, baits, seals, and pipes†and do a good job of disinfecting fish ponds, fish species, food farms, and feed (fertilizer) materials. In the non-onset season, once a month, spit and sterilize and kill insecticides; in the onset season (from April to June and from September to October), it will be disinfected twice a month and be fed with a course of medication baits to prevent diseases. The common diseases of rouge fish are: rotten gill disease, enteritis disease and malnutrition, pan pool and parasitic diseases, etc.; the control method is the same as other cultured fish.
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