Release date: 2014-02-21
The researchers developed a technology for a catheter-based device that provides forward-looking, real-time 3D images of the heart, coronary arteries, and surrounding blood vessels. With the camera function, the new device can provide more information to the cardiac surgeon. The device incorporates an ultrasonic sensor on a 1.1 mm silicon chip. Compared to current ultrasound technology, this new device provides more comprehensive image information. The researchers developed and tested a prototype of the device that was able to deliver image data at 60 frames per second. The researchers then planned to conduct animal research and eventually commercialize the equipment. F. Levent Degertekin, a researcher at the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech, said: "Our equipment will allow doctors to see the entire interior of the blood vessels. Cardiologists can see the condition inside the blocked blood vessels." The researchers explained "If you are a doctor, you will want to see what happens in the arteries and in the heart, but most medical devices can only provide cross-sectional views. If the artery is completely blocked, the doctor needs to know the front, the back, and even The condition of the vessel wall. These are not possible with current technology.†Single-chip devices combined with capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) arrays and front-end complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) provide three-dimensional intravascular ultrasound (ICE) ) Image. This dual loop array includes 56 ultrasonic transmission elements and 48 receiving elements. Once assembled, the annular array is only 1.5 mm in diameter. The energy-saving circuitry in the array shuts down when not in use, allowing the device to operate at 20 milliwatts of power, greatly reducing the amount of heat released by the device while it is working in the body. The ultrasonic sensor operates at 20 MHz. Intravascular camera equipment is capable of providing ultra-high definition images with superior quality over in vitro photography. But working inside the blood vessels also requires very small equipment volume and great flexibility. Researchers say that to get the most compact and flexible devices, electronic devices and camera arrays must be combined on the same chip. Researchers hope to conduct animal experiments on new devices to demonstrate the capabilities of the device, and ultimately get permission to apply the technology.
Source: Contemporary Health News
Blood System:
Blood system is also called circulatory system.
For the treatment of diseases of the circulatory system:
According to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Because of its vastness and critical nature, it is one of the systems of the body most prone to disease.
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One of the most common diseases of the circulatory system is arteriosclerosis, in which the fatty deposits in the arteries causes the walls to stiffen and thicken the walls. According to the Mayo Clinic, the causes are a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other material in the artery walls. This can restrict blood flow or in severe cases stop it all together, resulting in a heart attack or stroke.
Stroke involves blockage of the blood vessels to the brain and is another major condition of the circulatory system, according to Mitchell Weinberg of the North Shore-LIJ Health System. [Risk factors include smoking, diabetes and high cholesterol," he noted.
Another circulatory disease, hypertension - commonly called high blood pressure - causes the heart to work harder and can lead to such complications as a heart attack, a stroke, or kidney failure, the NLM noted.
An aortic aneurysm occurs when the aorta is damaged and starts to bulge or eventually tear, which can cause severe internal bleeding. This weakness can be present at birth or the result of atherosclerosis, obesity, high blood pressure or a combination of these conditions, according to Weinberg.
Peripheral arterial disease (also known as PAD) typically involves areas of narrowing or blockage within an artery, according to Jay Radhakrishnan, an interventional radiologist in Houston, Texas. In addition, chronic venous insufficiency (also known as CVI) involves areas reflux (or backward flow) within the superficial veins of the lower extremities.
PAD is diagnosed with noninvasive testing including ultrasound, CT scan, and/or MRI. Ultrasound is the least expensive of these methods, but also gives the least amount of detail, as CT and MRI show a much higher degree of anatomic detail when identifying areas of narrowing/blockage within an artery. CVI is diagnosed with ultrasound as the venous reflux can be measured accurately by ultrasound, which ultimately guides treatment.
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