Cultivate strong seedlings
Most spring eel facilities vegetables and some open-field vegetables begin to grow seedlings. The fact that the farmer's “half of seedlings have been harvested and the strong seedlings receive more than half†is the importance of nurturing strong seedlings. The nursery site is selected in a greenhouse or a small shed. If the ground temperature is lower than 15°C, a geothermal heating line and temperature controller should be installed to increase the ground temperature.
◆ Melons, vegetables, greenhouses and small sheds are covered with double-covered cucumbers, zucchini, squash, wax gourds, watermelons, melons and other melons. Seedlings are planted in mid-February and planted in late March. Use 32-hole or 50-hole trays or 88-cm-size seedlings for nutrition, using peat and vermiculite as the substrate. Cucumber should use good varieties such as “Zhongnong 12†and “Northern Agriculture and Good Show†with early maturity, good quality, and strong disease resistance.
â—† Beans, vegetables, greenhouses Early spring, Chinese bean and kidney bean are planted at the beginning of February, and 50-hole plastic trays or 66 cm of nutrient bowls are used to seed 2-3 seeds per hole. The seedling age is 15 days, and is planted in the middle and late February. Harvesting is started in late April.
â—† celery, lettuce and spring lettuce celery and lettuce in early February sowing nursery, lettuce planted in late March, celery planted in mid-April. 128-hole plastic trays can also be used for seedling nursery. Select early and good quality Ventura and other varieties. Soak one day in advance and soak the seeds for 24 hours. Then, sow the seed to suppress germination and sow the seeds again. After pouring the soles, sow them evenly.
â—† Emerging management
Timely seedlings using common seedlings seedlings solanaceous fruit and melon vegetable seedlings in the 2 leaf 1 heart period to separate seedlings, the seedlings are divided into nutrient pots conducive to root growth, sub-seedlings and increase room temperature 3 °C -5 °C.
It is especially important to keep the ground temperature appropriate for adjusting the appropriate temperature for keeping cold and heat. Especially in extreme cold weather, keeping the night temperature no lower than 13°C, especially the seedlings of tomato and cabbage is particularly important. The tomato seedlings enter the flower bud differentiation stage after two leaves and one heart, and are easily produced at a low temperature below 13°C. Malformed fruit; Cabbage in the 6-leaf stage is susceptible to early convulsions at low temperatures. Temporary heating measures should be taken to install Yuba bulbs, electric heaters, and heating blocks to ensure that the seedlings are not frozen. In addition, the thermophilic crops such as tomatoes and cucumbers should be placed in different temperature zones separated from the cold-resistant crops such as lettuce and celery, and the position of the seedling discs should be replaced every other week to achieve even seedling growth.
After increasing the emergence of light, we should try to ensure that the seedlings stronger light, and make it more visible light, install fill light to artificial fill light, is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings, open the grass in the sunny after opening 4-5 hours, cloudy open 12 hours.
Timely watering, topdressing, pest control, and timely watering of the seedlings 2 hearts after 1 heart; focus on the prevention of damping-off, especially in the dark and humid environment.
Solar greenhouse fertilization site preparation
In early spring, the warm-temperate crops will be planted soon, and 15 days ahead of fertilization, the first step is to clean the garden, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, remove the leaves and mulch on the top of the crops in time, and transport them to designated locations for ozone disinfection or high-temperature composting. Harmless treatment. Apply per acre rotten, fine-quality organic fertilizer 5000 kg or 3,000 kg of bio-organic fertilizer, cultivating depth 25-30 cm. Leveling and smoothing the ground to a level, flat, no standard dark and light, laying drip irrigation pipe, covering the silver gray film, waiting for the right time to plant.
Warm temperature crop colonization
In the greenhouse in the early morning, cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, summer cucurbits and other thermophilic crops began planting in mid-February. Generally 10 cm of ground temperature stable above 15 °C can be planted, to improve the quality of soil preparation, apply organic fertilizer in advance as a base fertilizer. Select "cold tail warmer" timing colonization.
Sowing and transplanting of cold-resistant ripe vegetables in greenhouse
The fast-growing vegetables such as rapeseed, garland chrysanthemum, spinach, lettuce, pakchoi, cherry radish, etc., which are planted in the solar greenhouse, are the seasons suitable for sowing and planting, and the planting methods for harvesting in batches can be adopted according to the sales conditions. Apply sufficient rot, fine 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer, or 2,000 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per acre, make a fine land preparation, make the ground flat, flat, straight, and there is no light and dark soil on the surface soil. Artemisia selengensis, spinach, cherry radish, and Chinese cabbage should be planted directly by sowing. After pouring soles, they should be uniformly sowed. The thickness of cover soil should be uniform and a layer of mulch film should be used for insulation and moisturizing. It should be withdrawn when 50% of seedlings emerge. Rape, lettuce and celery are transplanted.
Greenhouse wintering vegetable management critical period
Do a good job of keeping warm and keeping cold at all times Pay attention to changes in the weather to prevent the cold and even cloudy weather from harming the crops. If necessary, take temporary heating measures such as Yuba, warming combustion block or electric blast furnace. Diligently scrub the film and increase the light transmittance.
Plant and fruit management timely pruning and falling vines, remove the old leaves, yellow leaves; auxiliary pollination, sparse excess buds, fruits and deformed fruit.
Scientific watering and topdressing topdressing should be followed by drip irrigation with nutritious and reasonably proportioned "Christmas tree" and other fast-dissolving fertilizers. It is also advisable to apply water-based algae acid or humic acid organic liquid fertilizers with full N, P and K contents; Set water tanks, water storage tanks or barrels, and wait until the water temperature rises by about 18°C ​​and then water the plants. Also note that the small water is used for pouring, and the vegetables in the greenhouse must be flooded.
Timely harvesting is harvested in the best commodity period. Before and after the Spring Festival, it is during the season when the market demand is large and the price is high. The dishes formed in the Beijing market for many years must not only be fresh, but also look and tidy, so we must improve the quality of the refurbishment and improve the goods. value.
Insect pest prevention and control Spring and solar energy is also low temperature and low sunshine weather. The low temperature and high humidity growth environment in the greenhouse is susceptible to diseases such as gray mold, sclerotia, downy mildew, late blight and root knot nematodes. The appropriate conditions for growing environment should be adjusted first to increase the temperature. Filling light is particularly important, cloudy days should also be released at a short time at noon to release moisture, and sprinkle a layer of dry sawdust or dry stalks between the rows to absorb excessive air humidity in the shed; timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased fruit, and placement The site is harmlessly treated to reduce the sources of transmission; in the early stage of disease, low-toxic and low-residue pharmaceuticals are used for timely control; more dust and pharmacological agents should be used to prevent and control pests and diseases; as far as possible, no conventional spraying methods should be used to reduce Shelter humidity. It is necessary to strictly abide by the provisions of the safe collection interval after application and ensure the safety of the product.
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