Now the wheat in various regions has entered the filling period. This period is the key period to determine the wheat 1000-kernel weight, which also directly affects the level of wheat production this year. In view of the current wheat field conditions and how to manage the growth characteristics of wheat in the later period, how should it be managed?
Replenish nitrogen fertilizer and pour grouting water
According to the soil moisture, the grouting water should be poured in time. 10 to 15 days after the flowering period of wheat, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied top, combined with watering, 3-5 kg ​​of urea per mu. After 7 days, the fertilizer can be topdressed again. During this period, the application of nitrogen fertilizer will prevent the wheat from declining prematurely during the filling period. The vigorous growth can increase the filling speed, extend the filling time, and increase the weight of 1000 kernels, thereby significantly increasing yield.
At the same time, supplemental application of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance the resistance of wheat to adverse weather. When pouring grouting water, pay close attention to the weather forecast. It is strictly forbidden to water before wind and rain to avoid lodging.
Foliar spraying to increase grain weight and prevent dry and hot air
At the later stage of wheat growth, the absorption capacity of root system is weakened. Foliar topdressing can extend the functional period of wheat leaves, improve photosynthesis, prevent disease and fall, and reduce the damage of dry and hot wind. To accelerate the grouting speed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used for foliar spraying per acre. Re-spray once every 7 days to resist dry and hot air, increase grain weight, optimize quality, full grain, good yellowing, and high yield.
Weeding
Wheat fields with knotty wheat, wild oats, brome and other gramineous weeds should be removed in time in conjunction with other agricultural activities and taken out of the field before they are seeded.
Lodging wheat remedies
Lodging that occurs before the grain filling period of wheat can generally be restored to varying degrees due to "light head". Lodging in the later stage of grain filling, because "head weight" is not easy to fully restore upright, often only ears and substalks can lift their heads, but taking timely measures to remedy is of great significance to increase the number of grains and weight of ears. If the wind and rain fall, you can shake off the raindrops on the stems and leaves with a bamboo pole after the rain is clear, reduce the pressure to help them raise their heads, but don't stir up and disturb the backwards, or help the wheat and the bale by hand . Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 150-200 grams per mu to promote growth and grouting.
Harvest in time
Wheat has good harvest quality and high yield during wax maturity. When harvesting a large area, it is most suitable for the middle and early stages of wax ripening, and for a small area, it is most suitable for the end of wax ripening. According to different varieties and cultivation conditions, arrange the harvesting order, start early, rush to harvest, and achieve timely harvesting.
Pest Control
(1) Prevention and treatment of diseases mainly caused by powdery mildew and rust: During the grouting period, the temperature is relatively high, and it is also the period when the disease is most active, especially powdery mildew and rust. Wheat powdery mildew, which mainly damages the leaves of wheat, should be controlled as soon as possible.
(2) Insect control mainly based on wheat aphids: wheat aphids are afraid of high temperature. During the grain filling period of wheat, the wheat aphids will crawl on the ears to avoid strong light. During this period, the wheat aphids will take a lot of wheat juice. As a result, the 1000-grain weight is reduced and the output is affected. Generally, the output can be reduced by 20-30%, and in severe cases, it can be about 50%. In areas where conditions permit, it is advocated to release aphid cocoons and ladybugs for biological control.
It should be noted that spraying must be carried out in the morning and evening in the wheat field, and the concentration of the liquid must not be too large, so as not to burn the leaves and reduce the production; the use of any foliar fertilizer and pesticides should be prohibited 20 days before harvest to ensure wheat No pollution. Optional agents are: 46% fipronil * acetamiprid water dispersible granules, 6% spinosad * acetamiprid suspension, 20% pymetrozine * clothianidin suspension, 75% pymetrozine Ketone * spirotetramat water dispersible granules, etc.
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