In the hot season, melons and vegetables are prone to premature aging due to moisture damage, improper fertilizer and water, pests and diseases. How to prevent premature aging of melons and vegetables? 6 tips to keep in mind.
Use fertilizer scientifically. Vegetables and melons need more fertilizer and consume more fertilizer quickly, so it is necessary to apply foot fertilizer, mainly farm manure. After the seedling stage, flowering stage, maturity stage and the first batch of fruits are harvested, topdressing should be applied in stages to achieve the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, zinc, and molybdenum.
Clear ditch and drain stains. Summer and autumn are rainy and prone to waterlogging, causing the root system to rot and die. It is necessary to frequently dredge the surrounding ditch, side ditch and waist ditch in the field, so that the water can be drained from the open ditch and the ditch can drain.
Irrigate to cool down. In the hot season, furrow irrigation and sprinkler irrigation should be carried out in time according to the soil moisture and the actual growth of melons and vegetables. After the rain, it is necessary to plow the soil in time to break the compaction, protect the moisture and increase oxygen, and promote the healthy growth of vegetables.
Topping at the right time. After the first harvest of peppers, eggplants, tomatoes, etc., the top and side centers are removed according to their growth. Cucumbers, sweet melons, watermelons, bitter melons, etc., when the vines grow to 20-25 leaves, perform topping and Cut off the branches and buds in the upper middle. Bean vegetables should be flexibly mastered according to the characteristics of the variety and the height of the support. For example, long vine varieties and spring beans can be topped when the vine grows to about 2 meters, while short vine varieties and autumn beans should not be topped. When removing the heart, the diseased leaves and the yellow leaves on the feet should be removed at the same time to facilitate ventilation to the sun and produce strong fruits.
Prevent pests and diseases. Common pests and diseases of melons and vegetables include blight, anthracnose, toxin disease, downy mildew, gray mold, root rot and aphids, yellow melon, red spider, leaf miner, cotton bollworm, etc. Biological pesticides and low-toxic broad-spectrum pesticides are often used for prevention and control. The above-mentioned diseases can be treated by spraying 1000 times of chlorothalonil, chlorothalonil, Luheng No. 1 and mieweiwei, among which gray mold can also be treated by spraying 1000 times of Kemeiling. For the above insect pests, you can choose to spray with 1000 times crystal trichlorfon, multi insect clear, eliminate all, kung fu, and Wan Ling liquid. Note that pesticides are prohibited 15 days before harvest.
Harvest in time and market early. Most melons and vegetables can be harvested at eight maturity, while solanum fruits and beans are harvested at nine maturity. The melons that need long-distance transportation can also be harvested when they are ripe.
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