The splintering of young apple trees refers to the phenomenon that the branches die after overwintering, which is caused by the imbalance of moisture inside the tree due to the difference in ground temperature and air temperature. Before the apples germinate in spring, due to strong wind and high temperature, the upper part of apple saplings will evaporate a lot of water, but the ground temperature is low and the root activity is poor. The absorbed water cannot meet the needs of transpiration of the upper branches, resulting in physiological drought. (Ie freezing and drought) make the branches die. In severe cases, all the above ground can be drained to death. The following measures can be taken to prevent it.
1. Control the late growth of branches and reduce nutrient consumption. Improve the storage nutrient level of the tree and enhance the ability to survive the winter. Long-term topdressing or spraying of fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium at the autumn shoots can improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves and increase the accumulation of assimilated nutrients.
2. Prevention and treatment of large green leafhoppers. In order to reduce the damage of the green leafhopper, try not to intercrop vegetables between rows, especially cruciferous vegetables.
3. Increase the ground temperature. Increasing the ground temperature in spring and enhancing the ability of roots to absorb water can prevent stripping. It can be covered with a mulch film of 1 to 1.5 square meters under the canopy.
4. Reduce water transpiration from branches and stems. Buried seedlings: Pile a soil mat on the back of the sapling interface for the one or two-year-old apple saplings, gently bend the saplings over the soil mats, and then plow and compact them. It is required that the branches should not be exposed, the thickness of the soil should be more than 15 cm, and it should be completed before freezing, and dug out when sprouting in the next year, and should be straightened. Spray protective agent: spray 100-150 times carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol once in mid-to-late March, or spray 8 times water-retaining agent once in early March, which can also prevent stripping.
5. Apple trees that have been stripped often have a sound root system and all or part of the above ground is dead. For plants that have withered to the base of the trunk, when the undried part germinates with new apple shoots, select two strong shoots, leave 30 cm high binding prongs on the upper part of the trunk, and saw off the rest. After growing for a period of time, one new shoot is selected and gradually cultivated into a new trunk, while the other new shoot should be repeatedly topped and retracted to control the growth.
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