After nearly two decades of development, China's food packaging machinery has formed a certain scale and has become an important part of the machinery industry. At present, most of the packaging work in domestic food processing, especially the more complicated packaging process, is basically manual operation, which is very likely to cause pollution to the packaged products, and this situation needs to be changed. At present, the state has intensified efforts to implement the food quality and safety market access system, and food packaging equipment is gradually being incorporated into the food quality and safety access system, which is a good opportunity for the food packaging machinery industry to achieve industrial upgrading. Modern food packaging machinery brings together the most advanced technologies of various disciplines, featuring high efficiency, high precision, high automation and high flexibility, and is developing towards intelligent and integrated. One of the basic components is pneumatic technology. .
Pneumatic technology, full name pneumatic transmission and control technology, is one of the most effective means of automation and mechanization of production process. It has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, clean and safe, low cost and easy maintenance. It is widely used in the field of light industrial machinery in food. Packaging and production processes are also playing an increasingly important role, milk powder filling and packaging machine, yogurt plastic cup molding filling and sealing machine, beverage beer filling machine , jelly filling and packaging machine, biscuit and bread packaging machine pillow type, potato chips Filling and packaging machines, filling machines, meat packaging machines, etc. are widely used, which can shorten the processing assistance time, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and give full play to the high efficiency of equipment.
However, since the food packaging machinery must comply with the relevant requirements and regulations for food machinery safety, and the work site environment is generally more complicated and demanding, if improper pneumatic components are used, abnormalities often occur; and modern food packaging machinery, It is usually a combination of mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic and other equipment. There are close connections between the various parts of the equipment. Any part of the failure will affect the normal operation of other parts. There are thousands of large food packaging equipment. Tens of thousands of components, fault detection and maintenance has always been one of the most difficult problems. Therefore, in the pneumatic design and application of food packaging machinery, we must use reliable and practical manufacturers and products.
Basic application of pneumatic technology in food packaging machinery
In food production, different production areas have different requirements for hygiene; the European EN 1672-2 standard defines the environment of food processing machinery as three working areas, food areas, splash areas and non-food areas; depending on the area, The pneumatic technology and products required are also different.
In the food zone and splash zone, pneumatic technology is mainly used in distribution, bottling, forming, filling, dispensing, sealing, etc., because pneumatic components need to be directly or indirectly in contact with the main production materials, in order to prevent the production of the final product. The possibility of pollution shall be non-toxic, non-absorbent and corrosion-resistant stainless steel; if aluminum alloy is used, it shall have certain corrosion resistance, non-toxicity and non-absorption; rubber products used inside the components such as seals Parts and the like shall comply with the corresponding sanitary requirements, and shall have heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and oil resistance stability in the working environment, acceptable for normal cleaning and disinfection, insoluble, non-toxic, non-absorbent, and shall not affect the smell of the product. The working air filter device shall ensure that no dust above 5μm is allowed to pass; the structure and surface shall be smooth, durable, easy to clean and achieve a good cleaning effect. Although the design of the splash zone needs to be similar to that of the food zone, the material requirements may be reduced as appropriate, and the design must be guaranteed to have no negative impact on the food product.
Typical pneumatic products used in these two environments are stainless steel cylinders, clean cylinders, easy-to-clean valve islands, stainless steel gas source treatment components, etc., and the most representative of these are clean cylinders, such as those in Figure 1. The British Norgren PVA series of clean cylinders, the clean design of this cylinder eliminates the cavities, gaps and sharp corners that the food particles may adhere to, with self-draining function, so the liquid can flow directly; the cylinder material is used Anodized aluminum, piston rod is made of hard-coated stainless steel, the seal used is polyurethane, the whole cylinder is IP67, not only corrosion-resistant, but also can be repeatedly cleaned; and this cylinder is a standardized product conforming to ISO 6431, with replaceability Even the mounting parts are equipped with standard parts, which is extremely convenient for installation and maintenance.
Non-food area, in which pneumatic technology is mainly used in equipment for sealing, packaging, labeling, testing, capping, etc. Although the pneumatic components in this area do not need to be in contact with the production materials, they still need to be standardized and easy to clean. , intelligent and environmentally friendly, compact structure and so on. Since today's food packaging equipment requires more functions in a limited space, the size of pneumatic components is also required to be more compact, integrated and modular; typical products have easy-cleaning valves from Norgren, UK as shown in Figure 2. The island VM series, with a width of only 10mm, provides 430L/min flow, 2 to 20-bit integration, multiple functions, pressure integration, and IP65 compliance, which is a trend in complex control in food packaging. In addition, advanced food packaging equipment generally uses oil-free lubrication pneumatic system consisting of filters, pressure reducing valves and valves and cylinders that are not lubricated with oil. This system pre-inserts the grease in the parts where lubrication is required, no oil is required. The mister can work for a long time without replenishing grease, which can reduce fuel consumption, improve environment, low cost, convenient maintenance and stable performance.
Development trend of pneumatic technology in food packaging machinery
With the increasing processing of food processing technology, the automation level of food packaging is also constantly improving. At present, the research and development of food packaging machinery is developing in the direction of high speed, multi-function and intelligent control, industrial robots, microelectronics, computers, Intelligent and image sensing technologies will be more and more widely used, and the intelligent and networked pneumatic technology applied to food packaging machinery will become inevitable.
Intelligent cylinders are the masters of intelligent cylinders. Take the example of the intelligent cylinders of Norgren in the UK shown in Figure 3. These cylinders have built-in solenoid valves, speed control valves, cylinder switches and other accessories, depending on their pneumatic design. Single-acting or double-acting cylinders require only one end to be connected to the air. The use of such a cylinder with a filter pressure reducing valve can replace the traditional whole pneumatic circuit, and because the gas consumption factor of the intermediate trachea transmission process is omitted, Air consumption is also greatly reduced, very energy-saving and environmentally friendly; according to the cleansing needs of the food industry, these cylinders have IP66 protection grade and are directly flushable cylinders; according to the needs of standardization, such cylinders should also comply with ISO/VDMA standards, so It can be interchanged with common standard cylinders to meet the simplification of the design of automation upgrades.
This type of cylinder is also very simple, integrated and flexible in electrical control. The cylinder requires only one electrical interface to achieve remote centralized control. It can choose either multi-pin interface or AS-I interface. If ASI interface is selected, such as As shown in FIG. 4, the remote centralized control of the bus can be performed by connecting a communication cable (yellow) connected by an AS-I master controller with a group of intelligent cylinders. The specific circuit diagram of the system can be referred to FIG.
Intelligent pneumatic triplex (see Figure 6) makes self-diagnosis of air handling systems possible. Most pneumatic systems fail due to air handling systems, while traditional air handling has some drawbacks, mainly lack of status monitoring. And feedback, such as filter filter blockage, abnormal pressure regulation of the pressure regulating valve, etc., often occur, affecting the normal operation of the entire pneumatic system; and intelligent triple-links effectively solve this problem, it can continue the pneumatic system Monitor and display the relevant data through Fieldbus and ASI at any time to inform when it is necessary to replace the filter element, lubricating oil, pressure status is normal, record the use time, so as to minimize the failure rate, reduce maintenance and repair costs, improve the normal system and equipment. Run time and production capacity.
to sum up
These intelligent and networked high-tech pneumatic technologies have been developed and applied in some western countries, and the food packaging machinery has been further intelligentized. Through the understanding and research of these technologies, the level of domestic food packaging machinery is also expected to improve. And development, to reduce human or machine errors in food processing, to ensure the reliable operation of food machinery, to achieve safe production and clean production, to achieve continuous production of food packaging process, and soon to be in line with international standards.
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