After the harvest of autumn fruits, it is the peak of fruit tree root growth, which is also the key period for nutrient accumulation. Strengthening management at this time has an important role in increasing tree nutrients, promoting flower bud differentiation, increasing tree trunks, increasing tree vigor, and safely overwintering to ensure high yield, stable production, and high quality in the next year. The management measures after the fruit trees are harvested are described below. 1 The protection of the nutrition of the fruit tree is mainly based on how much it accumulates and stores organic matter. Therefore, the larger the leaf area, the more organic matter produced by photosynthesis and the better the flower bud differentiation. Therefore, measures must be taken to protect the leaves from pests and diseases after fruit harvesting. In particular, when there is a lot of rain at the later stage, early defoliation, spider mites, leaf miners, and other hazards are prone to occur. The fungicides and insecticides should be sprayed in time for prevention and control. . 2 Spray foliar fertilizer foliar fertilizer has the advantages of less fertilizer, quick effect and high utilization rate. Therefore, after the fruit is harvested and before defoliation, spray 0.3%-0.5% urea and 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture once every 15 days (days) to increase the storage nutrients of the tree. Prevent premature decline of fruit tree leaves. 3 Early basal fertilizer basal fertilizer plays a decisive role in high yield, stable production and high quality of fruit trees. Therefore, it is necessary to apply basal fertilizer in time (usually fertilization time is in early September, late-maturing varieties or tree species can be applied before fruit harvest). Basal fertilizer is mainly composed of rotten farmyard fertilizers containing many organic substances, such as compost, manure, circulatory fertilizer, and human waste. Organic fertilizers are slow to decompose and have long fertilizer effects. In autumn, they can combine proper amounts of ammonia, phosphorus, potash, or compound fertilizers to speed up the decomposition of organic matter, fully irrigating conditions in orchards, and exerting fertilizer effects to facilitate timely root absorption. The amount of fertilizer can be determined according to species, species, age, and tree vigor. Big trees, weak trees and more facilities, saplings, Wang trees less. Generally, 30-50kg per plant is applied to the young trees, and the result is that the tree requires 1kg of fruit and 1kg of fruit. The high-yield orchards with the yield of more than 2500kg should also increase the amount of fertilizer to 1kg of fruit and 2kg of fertilizer. As far as fertilization is concerned, apples, pears, walnuts, chestnuts and other roots are strong and must be deepened. Shallow-rooted fruit trees such as peaches, apricots, plums, and cherries can be applied slightly lighter. Fertilization method: young fruit trees have a smaller root distribution range and should be applied to ring gutters; adult fruit trees should be better fertilized with radiation. If the root system is already full of gardens, it can be applied to the whole garden and shaved after the fence. Wide-row densely planted orchards can be fertilized between rows, and there are intervening objects under the tree. In the orchard with irrigation conditions, it is necessary to pour water once after the base fertilizer is applied in the fall, so as to facilitate the settlement of the soil and the decomposition of the fertilizer and facilitate root absorption. 4 Weeds, dead branches, fallen leaves, diseases and insects, and rough skin cracks on the trunks and branches of clear garden orchards are wintering sites for germs and pests. To eradicate overwintering pests and diseases and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests in the coming year, the fruit trees must be carefully cleared of defoliants after the fallen leaves, scrape the old skin, scrape the lesions, cut the dry branches, remove the weeds, pick up the fruit, pick up the nuts, and then concentrate on taking out the park. Burned or buried deep outside. It should be pointed out that because many natural enemies of pests are also wintering in rough cracks, in order to protect natural enemies, the scraping time can be carried out before and after “convulsions†in the early spring (the time of the natural enemies is earlier than the pests), after the natural enemies emerge. Burn or buried deeply. 5 Qiu Qiu Qiu will make fruit trees shoots (mainly autumn shoots) leggy, consume nutrients, and prone to frost damage. Therefore, in the autumn rain more years, should be promptly drained to prevent guilt. 6 Ploughing the soil under the canopy in the early winter and plowing the soil can cause the insects such as Phylostrea falciparum, peltate caterpillar, and pelicans that overwinter in the soil to come out of the ground and allow the birds to feed or freeze to death. Deep plunge can also bury the pests hiding in the submerged grasses in the ground so that they can not be successfully exhumed in the following year. At the same time, autumn turning can also loosen soil, eliminate soil compaction, thicken living soil layer, increase the gap between soils, improve soil ventilation, light transmission, water permeability, and accelerate the decomposition of organic nutrients and microbial activity, improve soil fertility . When turning the soil, it should start from outside the tree, from shallow to deep, and turn it everywhere. 7 Anti-deciduous fruit trees in dormant period, usually spray 1 to 2 times diesel oil containing 4% to 5% diesel oil or 5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur, for pears, hawthorn red spider, apple rot, apples Powdery mildew, pear black disease, etc. have better control effect. In addition, trunk whitening can also be performed. 8 In order to prevent fruit trees from winter drought, the winter irrigation can freeze frozen water after falling leaves. Unconditional orchards can pile snow around the fruit trees in winter to improve the ability of winter cold resistance of fruit trees. You can also use wintertime to build a border (or mountain) around the orchard to prevent running water from running.
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