In spring, the temperature gradually rises and changes more, the air humidity is high, the number of rainy days increases, the pests and diseases increase, and the growth rate of crops accelerates. The management of greenhouses should also be adjusted to these changes.
In the early stage of temperature and light management, do a good job of heat preservation, especially before the low temperature comes, adopt a small arch shed to cover, and the small arch shed is covered with non-woven fabric, grass curtains, etc. to increase the thermal insulation effect. At the same time, during the day, the cover should be removed in a timely manner for ventilation and light, to prevent the vegetable seedlings from becoming too long due to too weak light. Strengthen ventilation when the weather is fine, generally open the shed at 8 in the morning and close the shed at 16 in the afternoon to keep warm. The greenhouse should not be closed to prevent high temperature obstacles and seedling burning. Be careful not to open the hood suddenly when the temperature is high, otherwise it may cause the plant to lose water and wilt. Pay attention to more lighting, try to let the shed vegetables see more light, as long as the temperature of the shed is not affected, the covering in the shed is lifted early and covered late to extend the light time.
Water and fertilizer management There are many rainy and rainy weather in spring, and the humidity in the shed is high, which is easy to cause various diseases. Properly ventilating, cooling and dehumidifying is an effective preventive method, and it is recommended to use the whole mulch film covering method to reduce the air humidity. In spring, the soil is generally required to be moist and slightly dry, and the vegetable soil at the seedling stage is not dry or not watered. The watering should be carried out when the temperature rises. The amount of watering should be soaked in the plough layer, and the humidity will be long and cause disease. Pay attention to replenish water according to the weather and soil moisture, try not to water on rainy days.
Fertilizers are mainly based, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers applied, and nitrogen fertilizers are not applied. The top dressing depends on the growth of the vegetables. Basically, no top dressing is needed at the seedling stage. It can be applied once after planting. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be too large to prevent the reduction of crop resistance and cause the plant to grow long, affecting the female flower rate and fruit setting rate. Fruits and vegetables should be top-dressed after fruiting. After applying fertilizer, ventilation and dehumidification should be done. When fertilizing, it should be selected after the temperature rises.
Plant adjustment and weeding The plants grow vigorously in spring. Pruning, leaf picking, heart picking, flower picking, fruit thinning, etc. can strengthen the ventilation between plants, increase the light, help reduce the humidity in the greenhouse, reduce the disease, reduce the invalid loss, and promote the plant growth . The operation is performed when the temperature is high around noon to facilitate healing of the plant wounds.
Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests Spring climate conditions are favorable for the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The main diseases are gray mold, downy mildew, sclerotium disease, anthracnose, and blight, etc. The pests are aphids, whitefly, and leafminers, etc. At the same time when wet, pay attention to comprehensive prevention and control, and use chemical or fumigant as far as possible.
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