1, the characteristics of varieties
The plant growth potential is strong, the plant height is 30-40cm, and the development degree is 20-30cm. Leaves lanceolate, green, about 40cm long, 6~10cm wide, smooth leaves, crispy taste, good quality, can be eaten raw, fried, soup. Seeds are black, about 1g in weight, and are resistant to cold, heat, and seizures, and have a fast growing speed. The spring and autumn open field cultivation in the Beijing area ranges from planting to harvesting for 25 to 30 days (days). When the plant grows to a certain size, it can be harvested at any time according to market needs. Every 667 square meters of production 1500 ~ 2000kg.
2, cultivation techniques
2.1 Seed Treatment Pure horticulture is a cold-tolerant vegetable, the suitable temperature for seed germination is 15 ~ 20 °C, higher than 25 °C when the germination is inhibited. In order to improve the rate and uniformity of seedling emergence after sowing, feasible low-temperature treatment before sowing, low-temperature treatment on the new seeds harvested in that year have the effect of breaking dormancy, can effectively increase the germination rate of seeds. Specific practice: the seeds wetted with water placed on a petri dish lined with filter paper or gauze bag, in 5 °C (refrigerating room for household refrigerators can be) under low temperature conditions for 2d (days) after removal.
2.3 sowing planting seedbed per square meter into the cooked organic fertilizer 8 ~ 10kg, ternary compound fertilizer 0.06 ~ 0.10kg, bed soil to fine leveling, pouring before planting water, until the water seepage on the bed Spread a thin layer of fine soil. When seeds are sown, they are mixed with a small amount of fine fluvo-aquic soil and then sowed. After sowing, the cover soil is about 0.5cm. About 1g per square meter seedbed sowing. In winter and early spring, the seedlings are usually planted in protected areas, and after seeding, the film should be warmed and moisturized on the seedbed. The temperature should be 18 to 20°C during the day and 12 to 14°C at night. Summer and autumn sowing should cover the shade net on the shed. When it rains, cover the membrane to prevent the rain from pouring the seedbed. After the emergence, remove the covering on the seedbed and gradually remove the shade net from the shed.
2.3 Seedling management seedlings after about one week and time seedlings, seedling spacing 3 ~ 5cm, 2 ~ 3 true leaves when the seedlings can be divided into seedlings in two ways and nutrition, appropriate control of water after easing seedlings, Promote root defensive apprentices. If the seedlings are not divided into seedlings during planting, the second seedlings will be planted, and the seedling spacing will be about 8 cm. Sub-seedling and 1~2d (days) prior to planting, the seedlings should be poured so that the seedlings will have more soil, the soil will not spread, and the root system will be protected from damage. It takes 30 to 45 days (days) from sowing to planting. Winter and spring are slightly longer than summer and autumn. The length of time required is mainly affected by nursery temperature and water management.
2.4 Colonization When the 4 to 6 true leaves of small seedlings are planted in time, the defoliation of the former crops and the surrounding weeds are completely eliminated before the colonization, the base fertilizer is applied, the soil preparation is done, and the flats are used for cultivation. About 15cm square.
2.5 Field management Pure sesame oil and wheat product products are soft and tender leaves, to keep the soil moist during the growth period, the main fertilization to the base fertilizer, after the establishment of slow seedlings can be followed by topdressing once available nitrogen fertilizer to promote leaf growth.
2.6 Pest Control Pests and diseases mainly include downy mildew and leaf miner. When the humidity in the field is too high and the ventilation is poor, near-ground leaves are prone to downy mildew. Through reasonable water management, avoid sudden drying and excessive humidity, and the density of the plants is too high, which can effectively reduce or avoid the occurrence of the disease, and should be controlled after the occurrence of the disease. Watering, reducing the temperature in the field; removing some plants, adjusting the density, improving the ventilation conditions within the group; timely spraying DuPont Kelu and other agents. The damage of leaf miners occurs mainly in spring cultivated earthworms or protected places with insect sources. Early detection and early spraying should be paid attention to, and 1.8% of aforein EC can be sprayed at 3000 times every 7 days (days). Spray twice. In protective cultivation, the branches and leaves of weed crops and weeds should be completely exterminated, and the source of insects should be cut off.
2.7 The harvesting period of pure sesame oil harvested wheat is relatively flexible, and there is no strict requirement for the harvesting specification, which can be determined according to the market demand based on the principle of high yield and good return. The cultivation in the open field in the Beijing area is about 35 days (days) from the planting to the harvest; in the autumn, the plants are harvested 25 days (days) after the planting.
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